IAEA and Nuclear Security: An Evolutionary Perspective

Muhammed Ali Alkış; Aşkın İnci Sökmen Alaca

doi:10.59474/nuclear.2023.63

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IAEA ve Nükleer Emniyet: Evrimsel Yaklaşım

Öz

Uluslararası Atom Enerjisi Ajansı (IAEA) 1957'den bu yana nükleer emniyet konusundaki rolünü genişletmiştir. Başlangıçta sadece nükleer enerjinin barışçıl amaçlarla kullanımının teşvik edilmesi ve nükleer silahların yayılmasının önlenmesine yönelik emniyet tedbirlerinin uygulanmasına odaklanması amaçlanmışken, zaman içinde nükleer terörizm ve nükleer maddelerin yasadışı ticareti gibi nükleer teknolojiye yönelik ortaya çıkan tehditleri ele almak üzere görev alanı değişmiştir. Bu tarihsel perspektifte, makale IAEA'nın nükleer emniyet çerçevesinin gelişimini analiz etmektedir. Zaman içinde, 1970'lerde fiziksel koruma ihtiyacı ve 11 Eylül terör saldırılarından sonra kapsamlı emniyet tedbirlerinin oluşturulması gibi kilit noktalar ortaya çıkmıştır. Şu anda IAEA'nın nükleer emniyet programı, sadece Üye Devletlerin talebi üzerine sunulan rehberlik, eğitim ve uluslararası işbirliği çabalarından oluşmaktadır. Son zamanlarda, IAEA nükleer emniyet çabalarını teknik yardım sağlamak ve çatışma bölgelerinde nükleer emniyet ve güvenliği izlemek üzere genişletmiştir. Ancak bu genişleme IAEA için kolay olmamıştır çünkü finansman kısıtlamaları ve ulusal egemenlik ile uluslararası gözetim arasındaki gerilim gibi zorluklarla karşılaşmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, IAEA'nın küresel bir platform olarak nükleer emniyet rolü, nükleer emniyet tehditlerinin azaltılmasına yönelik uluslararası çabaların arttırılmasındaki kritik önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Ancak IAEA nükleer emniyet konusunda önemli ilerlemeler kaydetmiş olsa da yapısal ve siyasi sınırlamalar etkinliğini kısıtlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

IAEA and Nuclear Security: An Evolutionary Perspective

Abstract

Since 1957, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has expanded its role in nuclear security. While it was only intended to focus on promoting the peaceful use of nuclear energy in line with safeguards implementation to prevent nuclear proliferation, its mandate has, in time, evolved to address the emerging threats to nuclear technology, i.e., nuclear terrorism and illicit trafficking of nuclear materials. In this historical perspective, the article analyses the development of the IAEA's nuclear security framework. Over time, there have been key points, such as the need for physical protection in the 1970s and the establishment of comprehensive security measures after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Currently, the IAEA's nuclear security program consists of guidance, training, and international cooperation efforts, which are only available upon the request of Member States. More recently, it has expanded its nuclear security efforts to provide technical assistance and monitor nuclear safety and security in conflict zones. However, this expansion has not been easy for the IAEA as it has challenges such as funding limitations and the tension between national sovereignty and international oversight. Ultimately, the IAEA's nuclear security role as the global platform shows its critical importance in enhancing international efforts to mitigate nuclear security threats. However, while the IAEA has made important progress in nuclear security, structural and political limitations constrain its effectiveness.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

None

Ethical Statement

The authors have no conflict of interest.

Thanks

None

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Nuclear Sciences , Nuclear Engineering (Other)

Journal Section

Review

Authors

Muhammed Ali Alkış ^*
0000-0002-7894-3872
Türkiye

Aşkın İnci Sökmen Alaca
0000-0002-2021-137X
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

July 22, 2025

Publication Date

September 4, 2025

Submission Date

January 21, 2025

Acceptance Date

March 27, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2022 Volume: 9 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.59474/nuclear.2023.63

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA26ZR99TS

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Alkış, M. A., & Sökmen Alaca, A. İ. (2025). IAEA and Nuclear Security: An Evolutionary Perspective. Journal of Nuclear Sciences, 9(2), 17-22. https://doi.org/10.59474/nuclear.2023.63

AMA

1.Alkış MA, Sökmen Alaca Aİ. IAEA and Nuclear Security: An Evolutionary Perspective. Journal of Nuclear Sciences. 2025;9(2):17-22. doi:10.59474/nuclear.2023.63

Chicago

Alkış, Muhammed Ali, and Aşkın İnci Sökmen Alaca. 2025. “IAEA and Nuclear Security: An Evolutionary Perspective”. Journal of Nuclear Sciences 9 (2): 17-22. https://doi.org/10.59474/nuclear.2023.63.

EndNote

Alkış MA, Sökmen Alaca Aİ (September 1, 2025) IAEA and Nuclear Security: An Evolutionary Perspective. Journal of Nuclear Sciences 9 2 17–22.

IEEE

[1]M. A. Alkış and A. İ. Sökmen Alaca, “IAEA and Nuclear Security: An Evolutionary Perspective”, Journal of Nuclear Sciences, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 17–22, Sept. 2025, doi: 10.59474/nuclear.2023.63.

ISNAD

Alkış, Muhammed Ali - Sökmen Alaca, Aşkın İnci. “IAEA and Nuclear Security: An Evolutionary Perspective”. Journal of Nuclear Sciences 9/2 (September 1, 2025): 17-22. https://doi.org/10.59474/nuclear.2023.63.

JAMA

1.Alkış MA, Sökmen Alaca Aİ. IAEA and Nuclear Security: An Evolutionary Perspective. Journal of Nuclear Sciences. 2025;9:17–22.

MLA

Alkış, Muhammed Ali, and Aşkın İnci Sökmen Alaca. “IAEA and Nuclear Security: An Evolutionary Perspective”. Journal of Nuclear Sciences, vol. 9, no. 2, Sept. 2025, pp. 17-22, doi:10.59474/nuclear.2023.63.

Vancouver

1.Muhammed Ali Alkış, Aşkın İnci Sökmen Alaca. IAEA and Nuclear Security: An Evolutionary Perspective. Journal of Nuclear Sciences. 2025 Sep. 1;9(2):17-22. doi:10.59474/nuclear.2023.63