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4D-BIM Özelliklerinin Öneminin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 246 - 254, 25.08.2023

İlknur Öz Murat Cevikbas Cenk Öcal

https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.1209834

Öz

Planlama, uygulayıcıların 3D nesnelerle zaman ilişkisini görselleştirmesini sağlayan Yapı Bilgi Modellemesi (YBM) alanındaki gelişmelerden biridir. Mevcut çalışmalara rağmen, uygulayıcıların 4D-YBM özellikleri ile ilgili farkındalığı yeterli değildir. Ayrıca inşaat sektörü, mevcut 4D-BIM yazılımlarının yetersiz özelliklerinden muzdariptir. Ayrıca, 4D-BIM'in özelliklerinin önemi konusunda farkındalık eksikliği nedeniyle mevcut özellikler yazılımdan yazılıma değişmektedir. Bu dezavantajlar, inşaat sektöründe 4D-BIM uygulamalarının başarısız olmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma 4D-YBM özelliklerini tanımlamayı ve inşaat sektöründeki önemini tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu nedenle, derinlemesine bir literatür taraması ve 10 uzmanla gerçekleştirilen Odak Grup Tartışması (OGG) ile 4D-YBM özellikleri tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak çalışmamızda 16 adet 4D-YBM özelliği tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra öznitelikler 4D-YBM alanında deneyim sahibi 35 uzman tarafından değerlendirilmiş ve elde edilen veriler Göreceli Önem İndeksi (RII) yöntemi ile analiz edilerek 4D-YBM özniteliklerinin anlamlılık düzeyleri tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, 4D-YBM 'deki her bir özelliğin projenin planlanmasında kritik öneme sahip olduğunu gösteren RII yöntemine göre her bir özelliğin önem düzeyi 0,5'ten büyük bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın gelecekte 4D-YBM ile ilgili çalışmaların önünü açacağı ve inşaat sektörünün mevcut ihtiyaçları konusunda uygulamacıların, yazılımcıların ve araştırmacıların farkındalığını artıracağına inanılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

BIM Planlama Göreceli Önem Endeksi İnşaat

Kaynakça

  • [1] Bahçeci H. and Polat H. 2020. İnşaat Sektöründe Yüklenici Firma Ölçeğine Göre BIM Kullanımının Araştırılması. Online Journal of Art and Design, 8(2), 124–136.
  • [2] Topal, N. 2019. İnşaat Projelerinde Yapı Bilgi Modellemesi Uygulamaları: 5D Modelleme İle Örnek Vaka Çalışması. Eskişehir Anadolu Üniversitesi.
  • [3] İnceoğlu M. and İnan B. 2020. Bilgisayar Destekli Tasarımın Gelişimi: Yeni Bir Mimari Metodoloji Olarak YBM. GSI Journals Serie C: Advancements in Information Sciences and Technologies (AIST), 3(1), 47–65.
  • [4] Whitlock, K., Abanda, F. H., Manjia, M. B., Pettang, C. and Nkeng G. E. 2021. 4D BIM for Construction Logistics Management. CivilEng, 2(2), 325–348.
  • [5] R. Abbo, O. M. Richard, L. S. Minsili, and M. J. Marc, A BIM Approach for the Design of Industrial Warehouses. Saudi Journal of Civil Engineering, 6(1), 1–8.
  • [6] Sivarajah, T. 2022 . BIM Adaptation in Construction projects. Journal of Research Technology & Engineering, 3(2), 13–18.
  • [7] Borges, M. L. A. E. , de Souza, I. C., Melo, R. S. S., and Giesta, J. P. 2018 . 4D Building Information Modelling: A Systematic Mapping Study. in 35th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC 2018).
  • [8] BiMteknoloji, 2020. 4D BIM Modelleme nedir?, BiMteknoloji. https://www.bimteknoloji.com/fikir/4d-bim-modelleme-nedir/ (accessed date: 31.03.2021).
  • [9] M. Erdik, 2018. Yapı Sektöründe Yapı Bilgi Modellemesinin Adaptasyonu. Balıkesir Üniversitesi.
  • [10] Koseoglu, O., Sakin, M., and Arayici, Y. 2018. Exploring the BIM and lean synergies in the Istanbul Grand Airport construction Project. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(10), 1339–1354.
  • [11] Kuruoğlu, , Gökyiğit, E. , and Köse, M. 2014. Türk İnşaat Sektöründe 4 Boyutlu (4D) Modellemenin Uygulanabilirliği.
  • [12] Crowther J. and Ajayi, S. O. 2019. Impacts of 4D BIM on Construction Project Performance. International Journal of Construction Management.
  • [13] Cevikbas M. and Isık, Z. 2021. An Overarching Review on Delay Analyses in Construction Projects. Buildings, 11(3), 1–25.
  • [14] Jianping, Z., Zhe, F., Yangli, W. and Zhigang, H. 2011. Resource Dynamic Management and Cost Real- time Monitoring in Building Construction Based on 4D-BIM. Construction Technology, 40(4), 37–40.
  • [15] Ilhan B. and Yaman, H. 2015. BIM ve Sürdürülebilir Yapım Bütünleşme: IFC–Tabanlı Bir Model Öneri. MEGARON, 10(3), 440–448.
  • [16] Kassem, M., Brogden, T. and N. Dawood, 2012. BIM and 4D Planning: A Holistic Study of The Barriers and Drivers toWidespread Adoption. Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management, 2(4), 1–10.
  • [17] Sharma, P., Gupta, S. and Kumar, L. 2017. A Critical Appraisal of Integrating 4D and 5D BIM into Construction Practice. ADR Journals, 4(3), 1–8.
  • [18] Uzun, F. 2019. BIM - Yapı Bilgi Modellemesi’ne Geçiş ve Uygulama Süreçlerinin İncelenmesi: 3 Vaka Analizi. Maltepe Üniversitesi.
  • [19] Microsoft, Proje Üçgeni, Microsoft, 2019. https://support.microsoft.com/tr-tr/office/proje-üçgeni-8c892e06-d761-4d40-8e1f-17b33fdcf810 (accessed date: 27.05.2021).
  • [20] Sediqi, M. 2018. 4D BIM Adoption. Royal Institute of Technology.
  • [21] Kim K. and Lee, Y.-C. 2019. Automated Generation of Daily Evacuation Paths in 4D BIM. Applied Sciences, 9(1789).
  • [22] Gledson B. J. and D. J. 2016. Greenwood, Surveying the Extent and Use of 4D BIM in the UK. Journal of Information Technology in Construction (ITcon), 21, 57–71.
  • [23] Gledson, B. 2016. Exploring the Consequences of 4D BIM Innovation Adoption. in Proceedings of the 32nd Annual ARCOM Conference, 1, 73–82.
  • [24] Jupp, J. 2017. 4D BIM for Environmental Planning and Management. in Procedia Engineering, 180, 190–201.
  • [25] Lopez, R., Chong, H.-Y., Wang, X. and Graham, J. Technical Review: Analysis and Appraisal of Four-Dimensional Building Information Modeling Usability in Construction and Engineering Projects, J Constr Eng Manag, 142(5), p. 06015005, 2016.
  • [26] Tran, S. V. T., Khan, N., Lee, D. and Park, C. 2021. A hazard identification approach of integrating 4D BIM and accident case analysis of spatial–temporal exposure, Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(4). 1–19.
  • [27] Rodrigues, F., Baptista, J. S. and Pinto, D. 2022. BIM Approach in Construction Safety—A Case Study on Preventing Falls from Height, Buildings, 12(1).
  • [28] Prashar P. and Maheswari, J. U. 2022. Utilising BIM in Construction Safety Planning: A Systematic Review, Recent Advancements in Civil Engineering, 72, 1–10.
  • [29] Moshtaghian F. and Noorzai, E. 2022. Integration of risk management within the building information modeling (BIM) framework, Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management.
  • [30] Z. Jin, J. Gambatese, D. Liu, and V. Dharmapalan, Using 4D BIM to Assess Construction Risks During the Design Phase, Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, vol. 26, no. 11, 2637–2654, 2019.
  • [31] Crowther J. and Ajayi, S. O. 2021. Impacts of 4D BIM on construction project performance, International Journal of Construction Management, 21(7). 724–737.
  • [32] Pérez C. T. and Bastos Costa, D. 2021. Increasing production efficiency through the reduction of transportation activities and time using 4D BIM simulations, Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 28(8), 2222–2247.
  • [33] Tuval E. and Isaac, S. Online Planning and Management of Design Coordination Tasks with BIM: Challenges and Opportunities, Journal of Management in Engineering, 38(3), p. 05022003, Jan. 2022.
  • [34] Wang, Q., Guo, Z., Mei, T., Li, Q. and Li, P. 2018. Labor crew workspace analysis for prefabricated assemblies’ installation: A 4D-BIM-based approach. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(3), 374–411.
  • [35] Chan, I. Y. S., Leung, M. and Yu, S. S. W. 2012. Managing the Stress of Hong Kong Expatriate Construction Professionals in Mainland China: Focus Group Study Exploring Individual Coping Strategies and Organizational Support. J Constr Eng Manag, 138(10), 1150–1160.
  • [36] Dainty, A. R. J., Cheng, M. I. and Moore, D. R. 2003. Redefining performance measures for construction project managers: An empirical evaluation. Construction Management and Economics, 21(2), 209–218 Feb.
  • [37] Hasan, A., Elmualim, A., Rameezdeen, R., Baroudi, B. and Marshall, A. 2018. An exploratory study on the impact of mobile ICT on productivity in construction projects. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 8(3), 320–332.
  • [38] Budayan, C. Okudan, O. and Dikmen, I. 2020. Identification and prioritization of stage-level KPIs for BOT projects – evidence from Turkey. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 13(6), 1311–1337.
  • [39] J. Laidlaw, Expert Panel, BetterEvaluation, 2014. https://www.betterevaluation.org/en/evaluation-options/expert_panel (accessed date: 02.07.2021).
  • [40] Planports, 2019. Likert Ölçeği Nedir?, Planports, http://help.planports.com/Blog/Post/likert-olcegi-nedir (accessed date: 23.04.2021).
  • [41] Bayat, B. 2014. Uygulamalı Sosyal Bilim Araştırmalarında Ölçme, Ölçekler ve ‘Likert’ Ölçek Kurma Tekniği. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(3), 1–24.
  • [42] Oke, A. E. Kineber, A. F., Albukhari, I., Othman, I. and Kingsley, C. 2021. Assessment of cloud computing success factors for sustainable construction industry: The case of Nigeria. Buildings, 11(2), 1–15.
  • [43] Magill, L. J., Jafarifar, N., Watson, A. and Omotayo, T. 2020. 4D BIM Integrated Construction Supply Chain Logistics to Optimise On-Site Production. International Journal of Construction Management, 1–10.
  • [44] Swallow M. and Zulu, S. 2019. Benefits and Barriers to the Adoption of 4D Modeling for Site Health and Safety Management. Front Built Environ, 4 Jan.
  • [45] Sloot, R. N. F., Heutink, A. and Voordijk, J. T. 2019. Assessing Usefulness of 4D BIM Tools in Risk Mitigation Strategies. Autom Constr, 106, p. 102881.
  • [46] S. Sheina, E. Seraya, V. Krikunov, and N. Saltykov, 2019. 4D BIM for Construction Planning and Environmental Planning. in E3S Web of Conferences.
  • [47] Pandit, S. Bhupinder, E. K. and Salohtra, E. S. 2018. Building Information Modeling (BIM)-4D Visualization. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 5(1), 1515–1520.
  • [48] Montaser A. and Moselhi, O. 2015. Methodology for automated generation of 4D BIM, in 5th International/11th Construction Specialty Conference.
  • [49] Ning X. U. and Guangbin, W. 2019. Study on Resource Management for Prefabricated Concrete Building Based on BIM Technology. in MATEC Web of Conferences, 05002.
  • [50] Gledson, B. 2017. Innovation Diffusion within the UK Construction Sector - A Study of the Adoption of 4D BIM. University of Northumbria.

Determination of Significance of 4D-BIM Features

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 246 - 254, 25.08.2023

İlknur Öz Murat Cevikbas Cenk Öcal

https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.1209834

Öz

Planning is one of the advancements in Building Information Modeling (BIM) domain which enables the practitioner to visualize the relation of time with 3D objects. Notwithstanding the fruitful existing studies, the awareness of the practitioners concerning 4D-BIM features is not sufficient. Moreover, the construction industry suffers from the lack of features of the existing 4D-BIM software. Furthermore, the existing features vary from software to software due to a lack of awareness with respect to the importance of the features of 4D-BIM. These drawbacks result in unsuccessful 4D-BIM applications in the construction industry. Therefore, this study aims to define 4D-BIM features and detect their importance in the construction industry. Hence, 4D-BIM features were detected via an in-depth literature review and a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) conducted with 10 experts. Consequently, 16 4D-BIM features were detected. Later, the features were evaluated by 35 experts who have experience in the 4D-BIM domain, and the obtained data were analyzed via Relative Importance Index (RII) method to detect the significance levels of 4D-BIM features. As a result, the significance level of each feature was found to be greater than 0.5 according to RII method, which indicates that each of the features in 4D-BIM has critical importance in the planning of the project. It is highly believed that this study will pave the way for future 4D-BIM-related studies as well as increase the awareness of the practitioners, software developers and researchers in terms of the current needs of the construction industry.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Planning Relative Importance Index Construction BIM

Kaynakça

  • [1] Bahçeci H. and Polat H. 2020. İnşaat Sektöründe Yüklenici Firma Ölçeğine Göre BIM Kullanımının Araştırılması. Online Journal of Art and Design, 8(2), 124–136.
  • [2] Topal, N. 2019. İnşaat Projelerinde Yapı Bilgi Modellemesi Uygulamaları: 5D Modelleme İle Örnek Vaka Çalışması. Eskişehir Anadolu Üniversitesi.
  • [3] İnceoğlu M. and İnan B. 2020. Bilgisayar Destekli Tasarımın Gelişimi: Yeni Bir Mimari Metodoloji Olarak YBM. GSI Journals Serie C: Advancements in Information Sciences and Technologies (AIST), 3(1), 47–65.
  • [4] Whitlock, K., Abanda, F. H., Manjia, M. B., Pettang, C. and Nkeng G. E. 2021. 4D BIM for Construction Logistics Management. CivilEng, 2(2), 325–348.
  • [5] R. Abbo, O. M. Richard, L. S. Minsili, and M. J. Marc, A BIM Approach for the Design of Industrial Warehouses. Saudi Journal of Civil Engineering, 6(1), 1–8.
  • [6] Sivarajah, T. 2022 . BIM Adaptation in Construction projects. Journal of Research Technology & Engineering, 3(2), 13–18.
  • [7] Borges, M. L. A. E. , de Souza, I. C., Melo, R. S. S., and Giesta, J. P. 2018 . 4D Building Information Modelling: A Systematic Mapping Study. in 35th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC 2018).
  • [8] BiMteknoloji, 2020. 4D BIM Modelleme nedir?, BiMteknoloji. https://www.bimteknoloji.com/fikir/4d-bim-modelleme-nedir/ (accessed date: 31.03.2021).
  • [9] M. Erdik, 2018. Yapı Sektöründe Yapı Bilgi Modellemesinin Adaptasyonu. Balıkesir Üniversitesi.
  • [10] Koseoglu, O., Sakin, M., and Arayici, Y. 2018. Exploring the BIM and lean synergies in the Istanbul Grand Airport construction Project. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(10), 1339–1354.
  • [11] Kuruoğlu, , Gökyiğit, E. , and Köse, M. 2014. Türk İnşaat Sektöründe 4 Boyutlu (4D) Modellemenin Uygulanabilirliği.
  • [12] Crowther J. and Ajayi, S. O. 2019. Impacts of 4D BIM on Construction Project Performance. International Journal of Construction Management.
  • [13] Cevikbas M. and Isık, Z. 2021. An Overarching Review on Delay Analyses in Construction Projects. Buildings, 11(3), 1–25.
  • [14] Jianping, Z., Zhe, F., Yangli, W. and Zhigang, H. 2011. Resource Dynamic Management and Cost Real- time Monitoring in Building Construction Based on 4D-BIM. Construction Technology, 40(4), 37–40.
  • [15] Ilhan B. and Yaman, H. 2015. BIM ve Sürdürülebilir Yapım Bütünleşme: IFC–Tabanlı Bir Model Öneri. MEGARON, 10(3), 440–448.
  • [16] Kassem, M., Brogden, T. and N. Dawood, 2012. BIM and 4D Planning: A Holistic Study of The Barriers and Drivers toWidespread Adoption. Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management, 2(4), 1–10.
  • [17] Sharma, P., Gupta, S. and Kumar, L. 2017. A Critical Appraisal of Integrating 4D and 5D BIM into Construction Practice. ADR Journals, 4(3), 1–8.
  • [18] Uzun, F. 2019. BIM - Yapı Bilgi Modellemesi’ne Geçiş ve Uygulama Süreçlerinin İncelenmesi: 3 Vaka Analizi. Maltepe Üniversitesi.
  • [19] Microsoft, Proje Üçgeni, Microsoft, 2019. https://support.microsoft.com/tr-tr/office/proje-üçgeni-8c892e06-d761-4d40-8e1f-17b33fdcf810 (accessed date: 27.05.2021).
  • [20] Sediqi, M. 2018. 4D BIM Adoption. Royal Institute of Technology.
  • [21] Kim K. and Lee, Y.-C. 2019. Automated Generation of Daily Evacuation Paths in 4D BIM. Applied Sciences, 9(1789).
  • [22] Gledson B. J. and D. J. 2016. Greenwood, Surveying the Extent and Use of 4D BIM in the UK. Journal of Information Technology in Construction (ITcon), 21, 57–71.
  • [23] Gledson, B. 2016. Exploring the Consequences of 4D BIM Innovation Adoption. in Proceedings of the 32nd Annual ARCOM Conference, 1, 73–82.
  • [24] Jupp, J. 2017. 4D BIM for Environmental Planning and Management. in Procedia Engineering, 180, 190–201.
  • [25] Lopez, R., Chong, H.-Y., Wang, X. and Graham, J. Technical Review: Analysis and Appraisal of Four-Dimensional Building Information Modeling Usability in Construction and Engineering Projects, J Constr Eng Manag, 142(5), p. 06015005, 2016.
  • [26] Tran, S. V. T., Khan, N., Lee, D. and Park, C. 2021. A hazard identification approach of integrating 4D BIM and accident case analysis of spatial–temporal exposure, Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(4). 1–19.
  • [27] Rodrigues, F., Baptista, J. S. and Pinto, D. 2022. BIM Approach in Construction Safety—A Case Study on Preventing Falls from Height, Buildings, 12(1).
  • [28] Prashar P. and Maheswari, J. U. 2022. Utilising BIM in Construction Safety Planning: A Systematic Review, Recent Advancements in Civil Engineering, 72, 1–10.
  • [29] Moshtaghian F. and Noorzai, E. 2022. Integration of risk management within the building information modeling (BIM) framework, Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management.
  • [30] Z. Jin, J. Gambatese, D. Liu, and V. Dharmapalan, Using 4D BIM to Assess Construction Risks During the Design Phase, Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, vol. 26, no. 11, 2637–2654, 2019.
  • [31] Crowther J. and Ajayi, S. O. 2021. Impacts of 4D BIM on construction project performance, International Journal of Construction Management, 21(7). 724–737.
  • [32] Pérez C. T. and Bastos Costa, D. 2021. Increasing production efficiency through the reduction of transportation activities and time using 4D BIM simulations, Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 28(8), 2222–2247.
  • [33] Tuval E. and Isaac, S. Online Planning and Management of Design Coordination Tasks with BIM: Challenges and Opportunities, Journal of Management in Engineering, 38(3), p. 05022003, Jan. 2022.
  • [34] Wang, Q., Guo, Z., Mei, T., Li, Q. and Li, P. 2018. Labor crew workspace analysis for prefabricated assemblies’ installation: A 4D-BIM-based approach. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(3), 374–411.
  • [35] Chan, I. Y. S., Leung, M. and Yu, S. S. W. 2012. Managing the Stress of Hong Kong Expatriate Construction Professionals in Mainland China: Focus Group Study Exploring Individual Coping Strategies and Organizational Support. J Constr Eng Manag, 138(10), 1150–1160.
  • [36] Dainty, A. R. J., Cheng, M. I. and Moore, D. R. 2003. Redefining performance measures for construction project managers: An empirical evaluation. Construction Management and Economics, 21(2), 209–218 Feb.
  • [37] Hasan, A., Elmualim, A., Rameezdeen, R., Baroudi, B. and Marshall, A. 2018. An exploratory study on the impact of mobile ICT on productivity in construction projects. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 8(3), 320–332.
  • [38] Budayan, C. Okudan, O. and Dikmen, I. 2020. Identification and prioritization of stage-level KPIs for BOT projects – evidence from Turkey. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 13(6), 1311–1337.
  • [39] J. Laidlaw, Expert Panel, BetterEvaluation, 2014. https://www.betterevaluation.org/en/evaluation-options/expert_panel (accessed date: 02.07.2021).
  • [40] Planports, 2019. Likert Ölçeği Nedir?, Planports, http://help.planports.com/Blog/Post/likert-olcegi-nedir (accessed date: 23.04.2021).
  • [41] Bayat, B. 2014. Uygulamalı Sosyal Bilim Araştırmalarında Ölçme, Ölçekler ve ‘Likert’ Ölçek Kurma Tekniği. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(3), 1–24.
  • [42] Oke, A. E. Kineber, A. F., Albukhari, I., Othman, I. and Kingsley, C. 2021. Assessment of cloud computing success factors for sustainable construction industry: The case of Nigeria. Buildings, 11(2), 1–15.
  • [43] Magill, L. J., Jafarifar, N., Watson, A. and Omotayo, T. 2020. 4D BIM Integrated Construction Supply Chain Logistics to Optimise On-Site Production. International Journal of Construction Management, 1–10.
  • [44] Swallow M. and Zulu, S. 2019. Benefits and Barriers to the Adoption of 4D Modeling for Site Health and Safety Management. Front Built Environ, 4 Jan.
  • [45] Sloot, R. N. F., Heutink, A. and Voordijk, J. T. 2019. Assessing Usefulness of 4D BIM Tools in Risk Mitigation Strategies. Autom Constr, 106, p. 102881.
  • [46] S. Sheina, E. Seraya, V. Krikunov, and N. Saltykov, 2019. 4D BIM for Construction Planning and Environmental Planning. in E3S Web of Conferences.
  • [47] Pandit, S. Bhupinder, E. K. and Salohtra, E. S. 2018. Building Information Modeling (BIM)-4D Visualization. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 5(1), 1515–1520.
  • [48] Montaser A. and Moselhi, O. 2015. Methodology for automated generation of 4D BIM, in 5th International/11th Construction Specialty Conference.
  • [49] Ning X. U. and Guangbin, W. 2019. Study on Resource Management for Prefabricated Concrete Building Based on BIM Technology. in MATEC Web of Conferences, 05002.
  • [50] Gledson, B. 2017. Innovation Diffusion within the UK Construction Sector - A Study of the Adoption of 4D BIM. University of Northumbria.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

İlknur Öz 0000-0001-8643-814X

Murat Cevikbas 0000-0002-8421-6591

Cenk Öcal 0000-0002-1407-7637

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Öz, İ., Cevikbas, M., & Öcal, C. (2023). Determination of Significance of 4D-BIM Features. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 27(2), 246-254. https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.1209834
AMA Öz İ, Cevikbas M, Öcal C. Determination of Significance of 4D-BIM Features. SDÜ Fen Bil Enst Der. Ağustos 2023;27(2):246-254. doi:10.19113/sdufenbed.1209834
Chicago Öz, İlknur, Murat Cevikbas, ve Cenk Öcal. “Determination of Significance of 4D-BIM Features”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 27, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2023): 246-54. https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.1209834.
EndNote Öz İ, Cevikbas M, Öcal C (01 Ağustos 2023) Determination of Significance of 4D-BIM Features. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 27 2 246–254.
IEEE İ. Öz, M. Cevikbas, ve C. Öcal, “Determination of Significance of 4D-BIM Features”, SDÜ Fen Bil Enst Der, c. 27, sy. 2, ss. 246–254, 2023, doi: 10.19113/sdufenbed.1209834.
ISNAD Öz, İlknur vd. “Determination of Significance of 4D-BIM Features”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 27/2 (Ağustos 2023), 246-254. https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.1209834.
JAMA Öz İ, Cevikbas M, Öcal C. Determination of Significance of 4D-BIM Features. SDÜ Fen Bil Enst Der. 2023;27:246–254.
MLA Öz, İlknur vd. “Determination of Significance of 4D-BIM Features”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 27, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 246-54, doi:10.19113/sdufenbed.1209834.
Vancouver Öz İ, Cevikbas M, Öcal C. Determination of Significance of 4D-BIM Features. SDÜ Fen Bil Enst Der. 2023;27(2):246-54.
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