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A Research of Perception on Industry 4.0 and Its Reflections to Economy

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 42, 5731 - 5761, 13.10.2021
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.921971

Öz

Modern economics today focuses on the analysis of the historical and economic trends of the development of society, with breaks and/or transformations in the course of both theoretical and historical development. It is thought that the long-wave cycles of innovation that started with the Industrial Revolution created the development from Industry 1.0 to Industry 4.0, and that production, consump-tion, workforce, education and technology are changing rapidly, the connections between sectors and countries differ, and define a new process in coordination with digitalization. The process called Indus-try 4.0 is important in terms of its impact in many areas, from production to development, thanks to its advanced technology possibilities. In this respect, the contents arising from the definition of industry 4.0 indicate the magnitude of the impact in the economic field, especially as they provide integra-tion on the structure that constitutes the whole of the economy. The importance of the industry 4.0 perception level of the young population, which can be expressed as the society of the future, is emerging in terms of a society that can solve many economic-social-social difficulties by integrating science and technology in both different industries and social life in order to balance economic development and solve social problems. In this context, the aim of this study is to measure the perception formation in line with industry 4.0 and its the economic reflections. The study was conducted in the qualitative design and the data was received by using a semi-structured interview survey to the new graduates of economics in SDU. In the study, based on the data obtained in the study, the main notions are determined with the connotation sign technique. Phenomenology is also used as a method in terms of revealing the relationship between them with other notion and the schematic representation of the unifying nature of these notions. According to the analysis results, the main notions of mind and concept minds in the study such as business intelligence, innovation, digital transformation, artificial intelligence, entrepreneurship, smart factory-production-product, innovative application in education, R&D and collaboration have been interpreted within the scope of industry 4.0 and its reflections in economy.

Kaynakça

  • Kagermann, H., Ander,R., Gausemeier, J., Schuh, G., Wahlster, W. (2016). Industrie 4.0 in a Global Context, Acatech STUDY, Munich: Herbert Utz Verlag.
  • Alçın, S. (2016). Üretim İçin Yeni Bir İzlek: Sanayi 4.0. Journal of Life Economics, 3(2), 19-30.
  • Alekseev Alexander N., Elena V. Buraeva, Elena V. Kletskova, Natalia A. Rykhtikova (2019). Stages of Formation of Industry 4.0 and The Key Indicators of Its Development. E.G. Popkova, Y.V. Ragulina, A.V. Bogoviz (Ed.), Industry 4.0: Industrial Revolution of the 21st Century, Studies in Systems, Decision and Control içinde (s.93-101), Springer.
  • Bogoviz, Aleksei V. (2019). Industry 4.0 as a New Vector of Growth and Development of Knowledge Economy. E.G. Popkova, Y.V. Ragulina ve A.V. Bogoviz (Ed.), Industry 4.0: Industrial Revolution of the 21st Century Studies in Systems, Decision and Control içinde (s.85-93), Springer.
  • Brynjolfsson E., McAfee, A. (2014). The second machine age: Work, progress, and prosperity ın a time of brilliant technologies. New York: WW Norton & Company.
  • Doğru, B., N., Meçik, O. (2018) Türkiye’de Endüstri 4.0’in işgücü piyasasina etkileri: Firma beklentileri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(Endüstri 4.0 ve Örgütsel Değişim Özel Sayısı), 1581-1606.
  • Gillpatrick, T. E. Blunck ve Boğa S. (2019). Understanding The Role Of Consumer Behavior In Forecasting The Impact Of Industry 4.0 And The Wave Of Digital Disruption Driving Innovation In Retailing, DIEM, 4(1), 165-176.
  • Hozdic, E. (2015). Smart factory for Industry 4.0: A review. International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies, 7(1), 28-35.
  • de S. Jabbour, A. B. Lopes, C. J. C. Jabbour, M. G. Filho and D. Roubaud (2018). Industry 4.0 and the circular economy: A proposed research agenda and original roadmap for sustainable operations. Big Data Analytics in Operations & Supply Chain Management, 270, 273-286.
  • Kagermann, H. (2015). Change through digitization-value creation in the age of Industry 4.0. Horst Albach, Heribert Meffert, Andreas Pinkwart, Ralf Reichwald (Ed.), Management of Permanent Change içinde (s.23-45), Springer.
  • Kagermann, H., Lukas, W. ve Wahlster, W. (2011). Industrie 4.0 –Mit dem internet der dinge auf dem weg zur 4. industriellen revolution. Inhalte der Ausgabe, 13, VDI Nachrichten, Berlin, 18 Şubat 2021 tarihinde https://www.ingenieur.de/technik/fachbereiche/produktion/industrie-40-mit-internet-dinge-weg-4-industriellen-revolution.
  • Kasa, H. (2020). Endüstri 4.0’ın ekonomik büyümeye etkisi: Yenilikçi ekonomilere yönelik ampirik bir analiz. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, Özel Sayı, 305-312.
  • Khan A., Turowski K.(2016). A perspective on Industy 4.0: From challenges to opportunities in production systems. Proceedings of the International Conference on Internet of Things and Big data, IoTBD, 441-448.
  • Kocabıyık, O. (2015). Olgubilim ve gömülü kuram: Bazı özellikler açısından karşılaştırma. Trakya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1), 55-66.
  • Lasi, H., Kemper, H., G., Fettke, P., Feld, T. ve Hoffmann, M. (2014). Industry 4.0. Business and Information Systems Engineering, 6(4), 239-242.
  • Menezes, L. N., Lira, M.C.A. ve Neiva L.S. (2021). IoT and knowledge economy: Two strong pillars of Industry 4.0. Scientia Cum Industria, 9(1), 10-15.
  • Kumar, A. ve Nayyar, A. (2020). Industry: A sustainable, intelligent, innovative, 2 internet-of-things industry.
  • Nayyar, A., Kumar, A. (Ed.) A Roadmap to Industry 4.0: Smart Production, Sharp Business and Sustainable Development içinde (s.1-23), Springer.
  • Özkan, M., Al, A. ve Yavuz, S. (2018). Uluslararası politik ekonomi açısından dördüncü sanayi-endüstri devrimi’nin etkileri ve Türkiye. Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi, 6(2), 126-156.
  • Pamuk, N. S. ve Soysal, M. (2018). Yeni Sanayi Devrimi Endüstri 4.0 üzerine bir inceleme. Verimlilik Dergisi, 1(1), 41-66.
  • Papachashvili, N. (2018). Industry 4.0 and ıts impact on the international trade. IV. International Scientific and Practical Conference, Strategic Imperatives of Modern Management, Kiev, Ukraine.
  • Pfeiffer, S. (2016), Robots, Industry 4.0 and humans, or why assembly work is more than routine work. Societies, 6(2), 1-26.
  • Pfeiffer ve Suphan (2015). The labouring capacity index: Living labouring capacity and experience as resources on the road to Industry 4.0. Working Paper 2, University of Hohenheim, 10 Şubat 2021 tarihinde www.sabine-pfeiffer.de/files/downloads/2015-PfeifferSuphan-EN.pd.
  • Popkova, E., G. (2019). Preconditions of formation and development of Industry 4.0 in the circular of knowledge economy. E.G. Popkova, Y.V. Ragulina, A.V. Bogoviz (Ed.), Industry 4.0: Industrial Revolution of the 21st Century, Studies in Systems, Decision and Control içinde (s.65-72), Springer.
  • Pozdnyakova U. A., Golikov, V.V., Peters I.A. and Morozova I.A. (2019). Genesis of the revolutionary transition to Industry 4.0 in the 21st Century and overview of previous industrial revolutions. E.G. Popkova, Y.V. Ragulina, A.V. Bogoviz (Ed.), Industry 4.0: Industrial Revolution of the 21st Century, Studies in Systems, Decision and Control içinde (s.11-21), Springer.
  • Rajnai, Z. and Kocsis, I. (2017). Labor market risks of Industry 4.0, Digitization, robots and AI, IEEE 15th. International Symposium on Intelligent Systems and Informatics (SISY), Subotica, Serbia.
  • Rajput, S. and Singh, S., P. (2019). Connecting circular economy and Industry 4.0. International Journal of Information Management, 49(December), 98-113.
  • Rosa, P., Sassanelli, C., Urbinati, A., Chiaroni, D. and Terzi, S. (2019). Assessing relations between circular economy and Industry 4.0: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Production Research, 58(6), 1662-1687.
  • Salam (2019). Analyzing manufacturing strategies and Industry 4.0 supplier performance relationships from a resource-based perspective. Benchmarking An International Journal, doi: 10.1108/BIJ-12-2018-0428.
  • Saniuk, S., Grabowska, S., Gajdzik, B. (2020). Personalization of products in the Industry 4.0 concept and its impact on achieving a higher level of sustainable consumption. Energies, 13(22), 1-19.
  • Serinikli, N. (2018). Endüstri 4.0’in özel, kamu ve kooperatif sektörlerine etkisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(Endüstri 4.0 ve Örgütsel Değişim Özel Sayısı), 1607-1621.
  • Sima V., Gheorghe,I.G., Subic’, J. and Nancu,D. (2020). Influences of the Industry 4.0 revolution on the human capital development and consumer behavior: A systematic review. Sustainability, 12(10), 4035.
  • Sorko, S. R., Rabel, B. and Richter, H. M. (2016). The future of employment - challenges in human resources through digitalization. International Scientific Journal Industry 4.0, 1(2) 128-131.
  • Stock, T. and Seliger, G. (2016). Opportunities of sustainable manufacturing in industry 4.0. 13th global conference on sustainable manufacturing- decoupling growth from resource use. Procedia CIRP, 40, 536-541.
  • Strange, R. ve Zucchella A. (2017). Industry 4.0, global value chains and ınternational business. Multinational Business Review, 25(3), 174-184.
  • Sumer B. (2018). Impact of Industry 4.0 on occupations and employment in Turkey. European Scientific Journal, 14(10), 1857-7881.
  • UNCTAD (2013). World Investment Report 2013: Global Value Chains: Investment And Trade For Development. https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/wir2013_en.pdf adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Uslu, C. (2020). Endüstri 4.0 Devrimi etkisiyle gerschenkron hipotezi altinda finlandiya ve güney kore ıncelemesi. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi,Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Weber, E. (2016). Industry 4.0: A job-producer or employment-destroyer? (Aktuelle Berichte Report No 2), IAB, Nürnberg .
  • Yıldız, A. (2018). Endüstri 4.0 ve akıllı fabrikalar. Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22(2), 546-556. Zhou K., Liu, T. and Zhou, L. (2015). Industry 4.0: Towards future ındustrial opportunities and challenges. Proceedings 12th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD), China, 11.01.2021 tarihinde erişim https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7382284.

Endüstri 4.0 ve Ekonomiye Yansımaları Üzerine Algı Araştırması

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 42, 5731 - 5761, 13.10.2021
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.921971

Öz

Bugün modern ekonomi, hem teorik hem de tarihsel gelişimin seyrinde kırılmalar ve/veya dönüşümlerle, toplumun gelişiminin tarihsel ve ekonomik eğilimlerini analize odaklanmaktadır. Sanayi Devrimi’yle başlayan yeniliğin uzun dalga döngülerinin endüstri1.0’dan endüstri 4.0’a gelişimi yaratarak, üretim, tüketim, işgücü, eğitim ve teknolojinin hızla değiştiği, sektörler ve ülkeler arası bağlantıların farklılaştığı, dijitalleşmeyle eşgüdümlü yeni bir süreci tanımladığı düşünülmektedir. Endüstri 4.0 olarak adlandırılan süreç, gelişmiş teknoloji olanakları sayesinde üretimden kalkınmaya, pek çok alanda yarattığı etki bağlamında önem arz etmektedir. Bu bakımdan endüstri 4.0’ın tanımından doğan içerikler, özellikle ekonominin bütününü oluşturan yapı üzerinde entegrasyon sağlıyor olmasıyla, ekonomik alandaki etkinin büyüklüğüne de işaret etmektedir. Hem ekonomik kalkınmayı dengelemek hem de sosyal sorunla-rı çözmek amacıyla, bilim ve teknolojiyi hem farklı endüstrilere hem de sosyal hayata dahil ederek pek çok ekonomik-toplumsal-sosyal zorluğu çözümleyebilen bir toplum hedefi açısından geleceğin toplumu olarak ifade edilebilecek genç nüfusun endüstri 4.0 algı düzeyinin önemi gündeme gelmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, endüstri 4.0 ve endüstri 4.0’ın ekonomideki yansımaları doğrultusunda algı oluşumunun belirlenmesi adına nitel desende bir çalışmayla, SDÜ iktisat bölümü yeni mezunlarına anket (yarı yapılandırılmış) uygulamasıyla ölçülmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada elde edilen verilere dayanarak çağrışım burçları tekniğiyle ana kavramlar belirlenerek diğer kavramlarla aralarındaki ilişkinin ortaya konulmakta ve söz konusu kavramların birbirlerini birleştirici niteliğinin şematik gösterimi açısından da yöntem olarak olgu bilim deseni kullanılmaktadır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre iş zekası, inovasyon, dijital dönüşüm, yapay zeka, girişimcilik, akıllı fabrika-üretim-ürün, eğitimde yenilikçi uygulamalar, Ar-Ge ve işbirliği gibi katılımcıların zihinlerinde öne çıkan kavramlar endüstri 4.0 ve ekonomiye yansımaları kapsamında yorumlanmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Kagermann, H., Ander,R., Gausemeier, J., Schuh, G., Wahlster, W. (2016). Industrie 4.0 in a Global Context, Acatech STUDY, Munich: Herbert Utz Verlag.
  • Alçın, S. (2016). Üretim İçin Yeni Bir İzlek: Sanayi 4.0. Journal of Life Economics, 3(2), 19-30.
  • Alekseev Alexander N., Elena V. Buraeva, Elena V. Kletskova, Natalia A. Rykhtikova (2019). Stages of Formation of Industry 4.0 and The Key Indicators of Its Development. E.G. Popkova, Y.V. Ragulina, A.V. Bogoviz (Ed.), Industry 4.0: Industrial Revolution of the 21st Century, Studies in Systems, Decision and Control içinde (s.93-101), Springer.
  • Bogoviz, Aleksei V. (2019). Industry 4.0 as a New Vector of Growth and Development of Knowledge Economy. E.G. Popkova, Y.V. Ragulina ve A.V. Bogoviz (Ed.), Industry 4.0: Industrial Revolution of the 21st Century Studies in Systems, Decision and Control içinde (s.85-93), Springer.
  • Brynjolfsson E., McAfee, A. (2014). The second machine age: Work, progress, and prosperity ın a time of brilliant technologies. New York: WW Norton & Company.
  • Doğru, B., N., Meçik, O. (2018) Türkiye’de Endüstri 4.0’in işgücü piyasasina etkileri: Firma beklentileri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(Endüstri 4.0 ve Örgütsel Değişim Özel Sayısı), 1581-1606.
  • Gillpatrick, T. E. Blunck ve Boğa S. (2019). Understanding The Role Of Consumer Behavior In Forecasting The Impact Of Industry 4.0 And The Wave Of Digital Disruption Driving Innovation In Retailing, DIEM, 4(1), 165-176.
  • Hozdic, E. (2015). Smart factory for Industry 4.0: A review. International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies, 7(1), 28-35.
  • de S. Jabbour, A. B. Lopes, C. J. C. Jabbour, M. G. Filho and D. Roubaud (2018). Industry 4.0 and the circular economy: A proposed research agenda and original roadmap for sustainable operations. Big Data Analytics in Operations & Supply Chain Management, 270, 273-286.
  • Kagermann, H. (2015). Change through digitization-value creation in the age of Industry 4.0. Horst Albach, Heribert Meffert, Andreas Pinkwart, Ralf Reichwald (Ed.), Management of Permanent Change içinde (s.23-45), Springer.
  • Kagermann, H., Lukas, W. ve Wahlster, W. (2011). Industrie 4.0 –Mit dem internet der dinge auf dem weg zur 4. industriellen revolution. Inhalte der Ausgabe, 13, VDI Nachrichten, Berlin, 18 Şubat 2021 tarihinde https://www.ingenieur.de/technik/fachbereiche/produktion/industrie-40-mit-internet-dinge-weg-4-industriellen-revolution.
  • Kasa, H. (2020). Endüstri 4.0’ın ekonomik büyümeye etkisi: Yenilikçi ekonomilere yönelik ampirik bir analiz. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, Özel Sayı, 305-312.
  • Khan A., Turowski K.(2016). A perspective on Industy 4.0: From challenges to opportunities in production systems. Proceedings of the International Conference on Internet of Things and Big data, IoTBD, 441-448.
  • Kocabıyık, O. (2015). Olgubilim ve gömülü kuram: Bazı özellikler açısından karşılaştırma. Trakya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1), 55-66.
  • Lasi, H., Kemper, H., G., Fettke, P., Feld, T. ve Hoffmann, M. (2014). Industry 4.0. Business and Information Systems Engineering, 6(4), 239-242.
  • Menezes, L. N., Lira, M.C.A. ve Neiva L.S. (2021). IoT and knowledge economy: Two strong pillars of Industry 4.0. Scientia Cum Industria, 9(1), 10-15.
  • Kumar, A. ve Nayyar, A. (2020). Industry: A sustainable, intelligent, innovative, 2 internet-of-things industry.
  • Nayyar, A., Kumar, A. (Ed.) A Roadmap to Industry 4.0: Smart Production, Sharp Business and Sustainable Development içinde (s.1-23), Springer.
  • Özkan, M., Al, A. ve Yavuz, S. (2018). Uluslararası politik ekonomi açısından dördüncü sanayi-endüstri devrimi’nin etkileri ve Türkiye. Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi, 6(2), 126-156.
  • Pamuk, N. S. ve Soysal, M. (2018). Yeni Sanayi Devrimi Endüstri 4.0 üzerine bir inceleme. Verimlilik Dergisi, 1(1), 41-66.
  • Papachashvili, N. (2018). Industry 4.0 and ıts impact on the international trade. IV. International Scientific and Practical Conference, Strategic Imperatives of Modern Management, Kiev, Ukraine.
  • Pfeiffer, S. (2016), Robots, Industry 4.0 and humans, or why assembly work is more than routine work. Societies, 6(2), 1-26.
  • Pfeiffer ve Suphan (2015). The labouring capacity index: Living labouring capacity and experience as resources on the road to Industry 4.0. Working Paper 2, University of Hohenheim, 10 Şubat 2021 tarihinde www.sabine-pfeiffer.de/files/downloads/2015-PfeifferSuphan-EN.pd.
  • Popkova, E., G. (2019). Preconditions of formation and development of Industry 4.0 in the circular of knowledge economy. E.G. Popkova, Y.V. Ragulina, A.V. Bogoviz (Ed.), Industry 4.0: Industrial Revolution of the 21st Century, Studies in Systems, Decision and Control içinde (s.65-72), Springer.
  • Pozdnyakova U. A., Golikov, V.V., Peters I.A. and Morozova I.A. (2019). Genesis of the revolutionary transition to Industry 4.0 in the 21st Century and overview of previous industrial revolutions. E.G. Popkova, Y.V. Ragulina, A.V. Bogoviz (Ed.), Industry 4.0: Industrial Revolution of the 21st Century, Studies in Systems, Decision and Control içinde (s.11-21), Springer.
  • Rajnai, Z. and Kocsis, I. (2017). Labor market risks of Industry 4.0, Digitization, robots and AI, IEEE 15th. International Symposium on Intelligent Systems and Informatics (SISY), Subotica, Serbia.
  • Rajput, S. and Singh, S., P. (2019). Connecting circular economy and Industry 4.0. International Journal of Information Management, 49(December), 98-113.
  • Rosa, P., Sassanelli, C., Urbinati, A., Chiaroni, D. and Terzi, S. (2019). Assessing relations between circular economy and Industry 4.0: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Production Research, 58(6), 1662-1687.
  • Salam (2019). Analyzing manufacturing strategies and Industry 4.0 supplier performance relationships from a resource-based perspective. Benchmarking An International Journal, doi: 10.1108/BIJ-12-2018-0428.
  • Saniuk, S., Grabowska, S., Gajdzik, B. (2020). Personalization of products in the Industry 4.0 concept and its impact on achieving a higher level of sustainable consumption. Energies, 13(22), 1-19.
  • Serinikli, N. (2018). Endüstri 4.0’in özel, kamu ve kooperatif sektörlerine etkisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(Endüstri 4.0 ve Örgütsel Değişim Özel Sayısı), 1607-1621.
  • Sima V., Gheorghe,I.G., Subic’, J. and Nancu,D. (2020). Influences of the Industry 4.0 revolution on the human capital development and consumer behavior: A systematic review. Sustainability, 12(10), 4035.
  • Sorko, S. R., Rabel, B. and Richter, H. M. (2016). The future of employment - challenges in human resources through digitalization. International Scientific Journal Industry 4.0, 1(2) 128-131.
  • Stock, T. and Seliger, G. (2016). Opportunities of sustainable manufacturing in industry 4.0. 13th global conference on sustainable manufacturing- decoupling growth from resource use. Procedia CIRP, 40, 536-541.
  • Strange, R. ve Zucchella A. (2017). Industry 4.0, global value chains and ınternational business. Multinational Business Review, 25(3), 174-184.
  • Sumer B. (2018). Impact of Industry 4.0 on occupations and employment in Turkey. European Scientific Journal, 14(10), 1857-7881.
  • UNCTAD (2013). World Investment Report 2013: Global Value Chains: Investment And Trade For Development. https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/wir2013_en.pdf adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Uslu, C. (2020). Endüstri 4.0 Devrimi etkisiyle gerschenkron hipotezi altinda finlandiya ve güney kore ıncelemesi. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi,Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Weber, E. (2016). Industry 4.0: A job-producer or employment-destroyer? (Aktuelle Berichte Report No 2), IAB, Nürnberg .
  • Yıldız, A. (2018). Endüstri 4.0 ve akıllı fabrikalar. Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22(2), 546-556. Zhou K., Liu, T. and Zhou, L. (2015). Industry 4.0: Towards future ındustrial opportunities and challenges. Proceedings 12th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD), China, 11.01.2021 tarihinde erişim https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7382284.
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sosyoloji (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Canan Şentürk 0000-0001-7714-844X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 13 Ekim 2021
Kabul Tarihi 14 Temmuz 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 42

Kaynak Göster

APA Şentürk, C. (2021). Endüstri 4.0 ve Ekonomiye Yansımaları Üzerine Algı Araştırması. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 18(42), 5731-5761. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.921971