Araştırma Makalesi
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 12 - 24, 31.03.2024
Öz
Bu araştırmada üniversite öğrencilerinin metamfetamin bağımlılığı hakkında farkındalık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve bazı faktörlere göre değişimlerinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Tanımlayıcı nitelikte olan bu araştırma, 338 üniversite öğrencisi ile yapılmış, Madde Bağımlılığı Farkındalık Ölçeği ve metamfetamine yönelik bazı sorulara verdikleri yanıtlar analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların %50’den fazlasının (N=177) metamfetamin maddesini daha önce duymadıkları, üçte ikisinin ise (N=213) maddeyi bilmedikleri belirlenmiştir. Ölçek puan ortalaması 108.36 olarak tespit edilmiş ve farkındalıklarının oldukça yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Katılımcılardan maddeyi bilmeyen ve daha önce duymamış olanların farkındalık puanlarının maddeyi bilen ve duymuş olanlardan anlamlı düzeyde düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Farkındalığın en önemli belirleyicisinin maddeyi sosyal medya ve iletişim araçlarından duymak olduğu, ayrıca arkadaşlar ve etkinlik-eğitim kaynaklarından duymuş olmanın da belirleyici olduğu görülmüştür. Öte yandan, katılımcıların bağımlılığa neden olan faktörlerle ilgili farkındalıklarının maddenin daha önce duyulması ya da duyulmaması, bilinmesi ya da bilinmemesine göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılaşmadığı belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Destekleyen Kurum
-
Proje Numarası
-
Teşekkür
Çalışmamıza katılıp içtenlikle yanıt veren tüm öğrencilerimize teşekkür ederiz.
Kaynakça
- 1. Lewis D, Kenneally M, van denHeuvel C, Byard RW. Methamphetamine deaths: Changing trends and diagnostic issues. Med. Sci. Law. 2021; 61(2): 130-137.
- 2. McCabe SE, Schulenberg JE, Wilens TE, Schepis TS, McCabe VV, Veliz PT. Cocaine or Methamphetamine Use During Young Adulthood Following Stimulant Use for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder During Adolescence. JAMA Netw. Open. 2023; 6(7): e2322650.
- 3. Tomášková A, Šlamberová R, Černá M. Influence of prenatal methamphetamine abuse on the brain. Epigenomes. 2020; 4(3): 14. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/epigenomes4030014.
- 4. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Erişim Tarihi: 10.06.2022, Erişim Linki: https://wdr.unodc.org/wdr2020/field/WDR20_Booklet_3.pdf
- 5. Miner B, Phillips J, Janowsky A. The role of biogenic amine transporters in trace amine–associated receptor 1 regulation of methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2019; 371(1): 36-44.
- 6. Čechová B, Šlamberová R. Methamphetamine, neurotransmitters and neurodevelopment. Physiol. Res. 2021; 70(3): 301.
- 7. Cruickshank CC, Dyer KR. A review of the clinical pharmacology of methamphetamine. Addiction. 2009; 104(7): 1085-1099.
- 8. Holland N, Robbins TW, Rowe JB. The role of noradrenaline in cognition and cognitive disorders. Brain. 2021; 144(8): 2243-2256.
- 9. Bennett SL. Behavioral pharmacology. Anim. Behav. Shelter Vet. Staff. 2022; 564-598. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119618515.ch22.
- 10. Ferrucci M, Limanaqi F, Ryskalin L, Biagioni F, Busceti CL, Fornai F. The effects of amphetamine and methamphetamine on the release of norepinephrine, dopamine and acetylcholine from the brainstem reticular formation. Front. Neuroana. 2019; 13: 48. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2019.00048.
- 11. Moore K. Drug overdoses. Oxford Desk Reference: Acute Medicine. 2016; 428.
- 12. Prakobsrikul P, Srisont S, Jinawath A, Boonkrem M. Methamphetamine-related post-mortem cases in Bangkok, Thailand. Med. Sci. Law. 2019; 59(3): 164-170.
- 13. Sliman S, Waalen J, Shaw D. Methamphetamine-associated congestive heart failure: increasing prevalence and relationship of clinical outcomes to continued use or abstinence. Cardiovasc. Toxicol.2016; 16: 381-389.
- 14. Alqallaf M. Toxicological Aspect of Fatal Methamphetamine. Chem Pharm Res. 2021; 3(1): 1-5.
- 15. Degenhardt L, Roxburgh A, Black E, Bruno R, Campbell G, Kinner S, Fetherston J. The epidemiology of methamphetamine use and harm in Australia. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2008; 27(3): 243-252.
- 16. Jones CM, Compton WM, Mustaquim D. Patterns and characteristics of methamphetamine use among adults—United States, 2015–2018. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 2020; 69(12): 317.
- 17. Lappin JM, Darke S, Farrell M. Stroke and methamphetamine use in young adults: a review. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 2017; 88(12): 1079-1091.
- 18. Paulus MP, Stewar JL Neurobiology, clinical presentation, and treatment of methamphetamine use disorder: a review. JAMA Psychiatry. 2020; 77(9): 959-966.
- 19. Albayrak S, Balcı S. Gençlerde madde bağımlılığı ve önlenmesi. Hemşirelikte Eğit. ve Araşt. 2014; 11(2): 30-37.
- 20. Warburton L, Callfas D, Neubauer SL. Assessment of knowledge and attitude changes in young adolescents following a school-based crystal methamphetamine education program. Can. Pharm. J./Rev. Pharm. du Can. 2007; 140(6): 366-375.
- 21. Sharifi H, Shokoohi M, Ahmad RafieiRad A, Sargolzaie Moghadam M, Haghdoost A, Mirzazadeh A, Karamouzian M. Methamphetamine use among Iranian youth: a population-based knowledge, attitude, and practice study. Subst. Use Misuse 2017; 52(9): 1214-1221.
- 22. Ganson KT, Murray SB, Nagata JM. Associations between eating disorders and illicit drug use among college students. Int. J. Eat. Disord. 2021; 54(7): 1127-1134.
- 23. Başaran YK. Sosyal Bilimlerde Örnekleme Kuramı. J. Acad. Soc. Sci. 2019; 47(47): 480-495.
- 24. Özay Köse E, Gül Ş. Madde bağımlılığı farkındalık ölçeği: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 2018; 19(3): 41-56.
- 25. Arabacı LB, Yurtsever B. Madde bağımlılığı farkındalık ölçeği'nin ve madde bağımlılığı bilgi testi'nin erişkinlerde geçerlilik ve güvenirliği. Fenerbahçe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2021; 1(3): 206-225.
- 26. George D, Mallery P. IBM SPSS statistics 26 step by step: A simple guide and reference. 1.ed, New York: Routledge, 2019: 119.
- 27. Saw YM, Saw TN, Yasuoka J, Chan N, Kham NPE, Khine W, Jimba M. Gender difference in early initiation of methamphetamine use among current methamphetamine users in Muse, Northern Shan State, Myanmar. Harm Reduct. J. 2017; 14(1): 1-11.
- 28. Bach P, Hayashi K, Milloy MJ, Nosova E, Kerr T, Wood E, Fairbairn N. Characterising the increasing prevalence of crystal methamphetamine use in Vancouver, Canada, from 2006–2017: a gender‐based analysis. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2020; 39(7): 932-940.
- 29. Noori R, Farhoudian A, Naranjiha H, Farhadi MH, Dolan K, Khoddami-Vishteh HR. Comparison of characteristics of methamphetamine versus opiate users in Tehran, Iran. Int. J. High Risk Behav. Addict. 2016; 5(4): e28815.
- 30. Şahiner NC, Şahin A, Akbağ NNA. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Sigara İçme Durumları ve Sigara Bağımlılığına Yönelik Tutumları. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 2020; 2(2): 64-79.
- 31. Lokala U, Daniulaityte R, Lamy F, Gaur M, Thirunarayan K, Kursuncu U, Sheth AP. Dao: An ontology for substance use epidemiology on social media and dark web. JMIR Public Health and Surveill. 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.24938.
- 32. Scott KR, Nelson L, Meisel Z, Perrone J. Opportunities for exploring and reducing prescription drug abuse through social media. J. Addict. Dis.2015; 34(2-3): 178-184.
- 33. Steers MLN, Moreno MA, Neighbors C. The influence of social media on addictive behaviors in college students. Curr. Addict. Rep. 2016; 3: 343-348.
- 34. Drozdova AD, Thomas AG, Volpert-Esmond HI, Steinberg L, Frick PJ, Cauffman EE. Drug use homophily in adolescent offenders’ close friendship groups. J. Youth Adolesc. 2022; 51(10): 2046-2059.
- 35. Buller DB, Walkosz BJ, Gill Woodall W. Use of media and social media in the prevention of substance use. In: Z. Sloboda, H. Petras, E. Robertson, nR. Hingson (Editor), Prevention of substance use. advances in prevention science 2019: 319–334.
- 36. Mandal S, Shah C, Peña-Alves S, Hecht ML, Glenn SD, Ray AE, Greene K. Understanding the spread of prevention and cessation messages on social media for substance use in youth. Aslib J. Inf. Manag. 2021; 73(2): 240-253.
- 37. Anderson AC, Robinson AH, Giddens E, Hartshorn B, Allan E, Rowe C, Verdejo-Garcia A. Proof-of-concept trial of goal management training+ to improve executive functions and treatment outcomes in methamphetamine use disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2023; 246(1): 1-12.
- 38. Radfar SR, Mohsenifar S, Noroozi A. Integration of methamphetamine harm reduction into opioid harm reduction services in Iran: preliminary results of a pilot study. Iran. J. Psychiatry Behav. Sci. 2017; 11(2): e7730.
- 39. Birrell L, Deen H, Champion KE, Newton NC, Stapinski LA, Kay-Lambkin F, Chapman C. A mobile app to provide evidence-based information about crystal methamphetamine (Ice) to the community (cracks in the ice): co-design and beta testing. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2018; 6(12): e11107.
- 40. Boshears P, Boeri M, Harbry L. Addiction and sociality: Pperspectives from methamphetamine users in suburban USA. Addic. Res. Theory 2011; 19(4): 289-301.
- 41. Brookfield S, Fitzgerald L, Selvey L, Maher L. Turning points, identity, and social capital: A meta-ethnography of methamphetamine recovery. Int. J. Drug Policy 2019; 67: 79-90.
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 12 - 24, 31.03.2024
Öz
The aim of this study is to determine the awareness levels of university students about methamphetamine addiction and to examine the variations according to certain factors. This descriptive study was conducted with 338 university students, and the responses to the Substance Addiction Awareness Scale and some questions related to methamphetamine were analyzed. More than 50% of the participants (N=177) reported that they had not known of methamphetamine before, and two-thirds of them (N=213) stated that they were not familiar with the substance. The mean scale score was determined as 108.36, indicating that the awareness levels were quite high. Participants who were unaware of the substance and had not known of it before had significantly lower awareness scores compared to those who were aware of and had known of methamphetamine. The most significant determinant of awareness was found to be learning about the substance from social media and communication tools, and learning from friends and educational sources also played a significant role. On the other hand, it was determined that the participants' awareness regarding factors leading to addiction did not significantly differ depending on whether the substance previously heard or not, known or unknown.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Proje Numarası
-
Kaynakça
- 1. Lewis D, Kenneally M, van denHeuvel C, Byard RW. Methamphetamine deaths: Changing trends and diagnostic issues. Med. Sci. Law. 2021; 61(2): 130-137.
- 2. McCabe SE, Schulenberg JE, Wilens TE, Schepis TS, McCabe VV, Veliz PT. Cocaine or Methamphetamine Use During Young Adulthood Following Stimulant Use for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder During Adolescence. JAMA Netw. Open. 2023; 6(7): e2322650.
- 3. Tomášková A, Šlamberová R, Černá M. Influence of prenatal methamphetamine abuse on the brain. Epigenomes. 2020; 4(3): 14. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/epigenomes4030014.
- 4. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Erişim Tarihi: 10.06.2022, Erişim Linki: https://wdr.unodc.org/wdr2020/field/WDR20_Booklet_3.pdf
- 5. Miner B, Phillips J, Janowsky A. The role of biogenic amine transporters in trace amine–associated receptor 1 regulation of methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2019; 371(1): 36-44.
- 6. Čechová B, Šlamberová R. Methamphetamine, neurotransmitters and neurodevelopment. Physiol. Res. 2021; 70(3): 301.
- 7. Cruickshank CC, Dyer KR. A review of the clinical pharmacology of methamphetamine. Addiction. 2009; 104(7): 1085-1099.
- 8. Holland N, Robbins TW, Rowe JB. The role of noradrenaline in cognition and cognitive disorders. Brain. 2021; 144(8): 2243-2256.
- 9. Bennett SL. Behavioral pharmacology. Anim. Behav. Shelter Vet. Staff. 2022; 564-598. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119618515.ch22.
- 10. Ferrucci M, Limanaqi F, Ryskalin L, Biagioni F, Busceti CL, Fornai F. The effects of amphetamine and methamphetamine on the release of norepinephrine, dopamine and acetylcholine from the brainstem reticular formation. Front. Neuroana. 2019; 13: 48. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2019.00048.
- 11. Moore K. Drug overdoses. Oxford Desk Reference: Acute Medicine. 2016; 428.
- 12. Prakobsrikul P, Srisont S, Jinawath A, Boonkrem M. Methamphetamine-related post-mortem cases in Bangkok, Thailand. Med. Sci. Law. 2019; 59(3): 164-170.
- 13. Sliman S, Waalen J, Shaw D. Methamphetamine-associated congestive heart failure: increasing prevalence and relationship of clinical outcomes to continued use or abstinence. Cardiovasc. Toxicol.2016; 16: 381-389.
- 14. Alqallaf M. Toxicological Aspect of Fatal Methamphetamine. Chem Pharm Res. 2021; 3(1): 1-5.
- 15. Degenhardt L, Roxburgh A, Black E, Bruno R, Campbell G, Kinner S, Fetherston J. The epidemiology of methamphetamine use and harm in Australia. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2008; 27(3): 243-252.
- 16. Jones CM, Compton WM, Mustaquim D. Patterns and characteristics of methamphetamine use among adults—United States, 2015–2018. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 2020; 69(12): 317.
- 17. Lappin JM, Darke S, Farrell M. Stroke and methamphetamine use in young adults: a review. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 2017; 88(12): 1079-1091.
- 18. Paulus MP, Stewar JL Neurobiology, clinical presentation, and treatment of methamphetamine use disorder: a review. JAMA Psychiatry. 2020; 77(9): 959-966.
- 19. Albayrak S, Balcı S. Gençlerde madde bağımlılığı ve önlenmesi. Hemşirelikte Eğit. ve Araşt. 2014; 11(2): 30-37.
- 20. Warburton L, Callfas D, Neubauer SL. Assessment of knowledge and attitude changes in young adolescents following a school-based crystal methamphetamine education program. Can. Pharm. J./Rev. Pharm. du Can. 2007; 140(6): 366-375.
- 21. Sharifi H, Shokoohi M, Ahmad RafieiRad A, Sargolzaie Moghadam M, Haghdoost A, Mirzazadeh A, Karamouzian M. Methamphetamine use among Iranian youth: a population-based knowledge, attitude, and practice study. Subst. Use Misuse 2017; 52(9): 1214-1221.
- 22. Ganson KT, Murray SB, Nagata JM. Associations between eating disorders and illicit drug use among college students. Int. J. Eat. Disord. 2021; 54(7): 1127-1134.
- 23. Başaran YK. Sosyal Bilimlerde Örnekleme Kuramı. J. Acad. Soc. Sci. 2019; 47(47): 480-495.
- 24. Özay Köse E, Gül Ş. Madde bağımlılığı farkındalık ölçeği: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 2018; 19(3): 41-56.
- 25. Arabacı LB, Yurtsever B. Madde bağımlılığı farkındalık ölçeği'nin ve madde bağımlılığı bilgi testi'nin erişkinlerde geçerlilik ve güvenirliği. Fenerbahçe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2021; 1(3): 206-225.
- 26. George D, Mallery P. IBM SPSS statistics 26 step by step: A simple guide and reference. 1.ed, New York: Routledge, 2019: 119.
- 27. Saw YM, Saw TN, Yasuoka J, Chan N, Kham NPE, Khine W, Jimba M. Gender difference in early initiation of methamphetamine use among current methamphetamine users in Muse, Northern Shan State, Myanmar. Harm Reduct. J. 2017; 14(1): 1-11.
- 28. Bach P, Hayashi K, Milloy MJ, Nosova E, Kerr T, Wood E, Fairbairn N. Characterising the increasing prevalence of crystal methamphetamine use in Vancouver, Canada, from 2006–2017: a gender‐based analysis. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2020; 39(7): 932-940.
- 29. Noori R, Farhoudian A, Naranjiha H, Farhadi MH, Dolan K, Khoddami-Vishteh HR. Comparison of characteristics of methamphetamine versus opiate users in Tehran, Iran. Int. J. High Risk Behav. Addict. 2016; 5(4): e28815.
- 30. Şahiner NC, Şahin A, Akbağ NNA. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Sigara İçme Durumları ve Sigara Bağımlılığına Yönelik Tutumları. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 2020; 2(2): 64-79.
- 31. Lokala U, Daniulaityte R, Lamy F, Gaur M, Thirunarayan K, Kursuncu U, Sheth AP. Dao: An ontology for substance use epidemiology on social media and dark web. JMIR Public Health and Surveill. 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.24938.
- 32. Scott KR, Nelson L, Meisel Z, Perrone J. Opportunities for exploring and reducing prescription drug abuse through social media. J. Addict. Dis.2015; 34(2-3): 178-184.
- 33. Steers MLN, Moreno MA, Neighbors C. The influence of social media on addictive behaviors in college students. Curr. Addict. Rep. 2016; 3: 343-348.
- 34. Drozdova AD, Thomas AG, Volpert-Esmond HI, Steinberg L, Frick PJ, Cauffman EE. Drug use homophily in adolescent offenders’ close friendship groups. J. Youth Adolesc. 2022; 51(10): 2046-2059.
- 35. Buller DB, Walkosz BJ, Gill Woodall W. Use of media and social media in the prevention of substance use. In: Z. Sloboda, H. Petras, E. Robertson, nR. Hingson (Editor), Prevention of substance use. advances in prevention science 2019: 319–334.
- 36. Mandal S, Shah C, Peña-Alves S, Hecht ML, Glenn SD, Ray AE, Greene K. Understanding the spread of prevention and cessation messages on social media for substance use in youth. Aslib J. Inf. Manag. 2021; 73(2): 240-253.
- 37. Anderson AC, Robinson AH, Giddens E, Hartshorn B, Allan E, Rowe C, Verdejo-Garcia A. Proof-of-concept trial of goal management training+ to improve executive functions and treatment outcomes in methamphetamine use disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2023; 246(1): 1-12.
- 38. Radfar SR, Mohsenifar S, Noroozi A. Integration of methamphetamine harm reduction into opioid harm reduction services in Iran: preliminary results of a pilot study. Iran. J. Psychiatry Behav. Sci. 2017; 11(2): e7730.
- 39. Birrell L, Deen H, Champion KE, Newton NC, Stapinski LA, Kay-Lambkin F, Chapman C. A mobile app to provide evidence-based information about crystal methamphetamine (Ice) to the community (cracks in the ice): co-design and beta testing. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2018; 6(12): e11107.
- 40. Boshears P, Boeri M, Harbry L. Addiction and sociality: Pperspectives from methamphetamine users in suburban USA. Addic. Res. Theory 2011; 19(4): 289-301.
- 41. Brookfield S, Fitzgerald L, Selvey L, Maher L. Turning points, identity, and social capital: A meta-ethnography of methamphetamine recovery. Int. J. Drug Policy 2019; 67: 79-90.
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Psikolojisi, Hemşirelik (Diğer), Ruh Sağlığı Hizmetleri |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | - |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 29 Mart 2024 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Mart 2024 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 21 Temmuz 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 15 Şubat 2024 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2024 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1 |