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HPLC Analysis of Phenolic Compounds from Gypsophila aucheri Boiss. and Investigation of Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity of Gypsophila aucheri Boiss. exracts

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 168 - 181, 31.08.2018
https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.411194

Öz



Bu çalışma, Gypsophila aucheri Boiss. ekstrelerinin
antioksidan ve antiproliferatif aktivitelerinin yanı sıra RP-HPLC tekniği ile
fenolik içeriğini araştırmak için tasarlanmıştır. Ekstrelerin antioksidan
aktiviteleri 1,1-difenil-2-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) ve 2,2′-azinobis-
(3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sülfonik asit) (ABTS) radikallerini giderme, Bakır(II)
iyonlarını indirgeme (KUPRAK) ve Fe2+ iyonlarını
şelatlama kapasiteleri üzerinden değerlendirildi. Antiproliferatif aktivite
için, ekstrelerin MCF-7 (insan meme kanseri), HT-29 (kolon kanseri) ve HepG2
(karaciğer kanseri) hücrelerine karşı test edildi. Antioksidan aktivite
sonuçları, Gypsophila aucheri metanol ekstresinin DPPH ve ABTS testlerine
göre su ekstraktından daha güçlü antioksidan aktivite gösterdiğini, su
ekstresinin ise KUPRAK ve metal şelatlama aktivitesi testlerinde metanol
ekstresinden daha üstün olduğu gözlendi. Sitotoksisite testleri sonucunda,
metanol ekstresinin su ekstresine kıyasla daha düşük IC50 değerleriyle test
edilen tüm kanser hücre hatlarına karşı daha güçlü antiproliferatif aktivite
sergilediğini gösterdi. Bununla birlikte, her iki ekstrenin de pozitif
kontrollere kıyasla orta düzeyde biyolojik aktivite sergilediği saptandı. Elde
edilen veriler, Gypsophila aucheri Boiss.’in yüksek fitokimyasal içeriğiyle
birlikte çarpıcı antioksidan ve orta antiproliferatif potansiyelleri
nedeniyle bu bitki kaynağının gıda ve nutrasötik endüstri için umut verici
bir kaynak olarak değerlendirilebileceğini göstermektedir.



Kaynakça

  • Altay, A., Bozoğlu, F. 2017. Salvia fruticosa Modulates mRNA Expressions and Activity Levels of Xenobiotic Metabolizing CYP1A2, CYP2E1, NQO1, GPx, and GST Enzymes in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma HT-29 Cells. Nutrution and Cancer, 69 (6), 892-903.
  • Altay, A., Celep, G.S., Yaprak, A.E., Baskose, I., Bozoglu, F. 2017. Glassworts as Possible Anticancer Agents Against Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells with Their Nutritive, Antioxidant and Phytochemical Profiles. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 14(3), 1-10.
  • Ammar, I., Ennouri, M., Attia, H. 2015. Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) flowers are modified according to the extraction method. Industrial Crops and Products, 64, 97–104.
  • Apak, R., Güçlü, K., Özyürek, M., Çelik, S.E. 2008. Mechanism of antioxidant capacity assays and the CUPRAC (cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity) assay. Microchimica Acta, 160, 413–419.
  • Arslan, I., Çelik, A. 2013. Saponin Rich Fractions (SRPs) from Soapwort Show Antioxidant and Hemolytic Activity. APCBEE Procedia, 7, 103–108.
  • Ayaz, M., Junaid, M., Ullah, F., Sadiq, A., Subhan, F., Khan, M.A., Ahmad, W., Ali, G., Imran, M., Ahmad, S. 2016. Molecularly characterized solvent extracts and saponins from Polygonum hydropiper L. show high anti-angiogenic, anti-tumor, brine shrimp, and fibroblast NIH/3T3 cell line cytotoxicity. Fronties in Pharmacology, 7, 1–13.
  • Bai, H., Zhong, Y., Xie, Y.Y., Wang, Y.S., Liu, L., Zhou, L., Wang, J., Mu, Y.L., Zuo, C.X. 2007. A major triterpenoid saponin from Gypsophila oldhamiana. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 4, 955–960.
  • Blois, M.S. 1958. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature, 181, 1199–1200.
  • Chima, N.K., Nahar, L., Majinda, R.R.T., Celik, S., Sarker, S.D. 2014. Assessment of free-radical scavenging activity of Gypsophila pilulifera: Assay-guided isolation of verbascoside as the main active component. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy, 24, 38–43.
  • Dinis, T.P.C., Madeira, V.M.C., Almeida, L.M. 1994. Action of Phenolic Derivatives (Acetaminophen, Salicylate, and 5-Aminosalicylate) as Inhibitors of Membrane Lipid Peroxidation and as Peroxyl Radical Scavengers. Archive of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 315, 161–169.
  • Do, Q.D., Angkawijaya, A.E., Tran-Nguyen, P.L., Huynh, L.H., Soetaredjo, F.E., Ismadji, S., Ju, Y.H. 2014. Effect of extraction solvent on total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of Limnophila aromatica. Journal of Food and Drug Analaysis, 22, 296–302.
  • dos Santos, H.F., Campos, J.F., dos Santos, C.M., Balestieri, J.B.P., Silva, D.B., Carollo, C.A., Souza, K. de P., Estevinho, L.M., dos Santos, E.L. 2017. Chemical profile and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic and antimicrobial activities of geopropolis from the stingless bee Melipona orbignyi. International Journal of Molecular Science, 18(5), 953.
  • Embuscado, M.E. 2015. Spices and herbs: Natural sources of antioxidants - A mini review. Journal of Functional Foods, 18, 811–819.
  • Farzaneh, V., Carvalho, I.S. 2015. A review of the health benefit potentials of herbal plant infusions and their mechanism of actions. Industrial Crops and Products, 65, 247–258.
  • Fu, Z.F., Tu, Z.C., Zhang, L., Wang, H., Wen, Q.H., Huang, T. 2016. Antioxidant activities and polyphenols of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaves extracted with solvents of various polarities. Food Bioscience, 15, 11–18.
  • Guérard, M., Baum, M., Bitsch, A., Eisenbrand, G., Elhajouji, A., Epe, B., Habermeyer, M., Kaina, B., Martus, H.J., Pfuhler, S., Schmitz, C., Sutter, A., Thomas, A.D., Ziemann, C., Froetschl, R. 2015. Assessment of mechanisms driving non-linear dose-response relationships in genotoxicity testing. Reviews in Mutation Research, 763, 181–201.
  • Gülçin, İ. 2011. Antioxidant Activity of Eugenol: A Structure–Activity Relationship Study. Journal of Medicinal. Food, 14, 975–985.
  • Holmes, S.E., Bachran, C., Fuchs, H., Weng, A., Melzig, M.F., Flavell, S.U., Flavell, D.J. 2015. Triterpenoid saponin augmention of saporin-based immunotoxin cytotoxicity for human leukaemia and lymphoma cells is partially immunospecific and target moleculedependent. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicology, 37, 42–55.
  • Hosseinzadeh, S., Jafarikukhdan, A., Hosseini, A., Armand, R. 2015. The Application of Medicinal Plants in Traditional and Modern Medicine: A Review of Thymus vulgaris, International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 6, 635–642.
  • Işık, M., Korkmaz, M., Bursal, E., Gülçin, İ., Köksal, E., Tohma, H. 2015. Determination of Antioxidant Properties of Gypsophila bitlisensis Bark. International Journal of Pharmacology, 11, 366–371.
  • Jang, D.S., Park, E.J., Kang, Y.-H., Hawthorne, M.E., Vigo, J.S., Graham, J.G., Cabieses, F., Fong, H.H.S., Mehta, R.G., Pezzuto, J.M., Kinghorn, D. 2003. Potential cancer chemopreventive flavonoids from the stems of Tephrosia toxicaria. Journal of Natural Products, 66, 1166–1170.
  • Kamal, Z., Ullah, F., Ayaz, M., Sadiq, A., Ahmad, S., Zeb, A., Hussain, A., Imran, M. 2015. Anticholinesterase and antioxidant investigations of crude extracts, subsequent fractions, saponins and flavonoids of atriplex laciniata L.: potential effectiveness in Alzheimer’s and other neurological disorders. Biological Research, 48, 21.
  • Kontogianni, V.G., Tomic, G., Nikolic, I., Nerantzaki, A.A., Sayyad, N., Stosic-Grujicic, S., Stojanovic, I., Gerothanassis, I.P., Tzakos, A.G. 2013. Phytochemical profile of Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia officinalis extracts and correlation to their antioxidant and anti-proliferative activity. Food Chemistry, 136, 120–129.
  • Korkmaz, M., Özçelik, H. 2013. Soil-plant relations in the annual Gypsophila (Caryopyhllaceae) taxa of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany, 37, 85–98.
  • Korkmaz, M., Özçelik, H. 2011. Economic importance of Gypsophila L., Ankyropetalum Fenzl and Saponaria L. (Caryophyllaceae) taxa of Turkey. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10, 9533–9541.
  • Koyuncu, M., Kiliç, C.S., Güvenç, A. 2008. Doǧu Anadolu’da Çöven Elde Edilen Bitkiler ve Bunlarin Doǧadaki Potansiyeli. Turkish Journal of Botany, 32, 489–494.
  • Köksal, E., Bursal, E., Gülçin, İ., Korkmaz, M., Çağlayan, C., Gören, A.C., Alwasel, S.H. 2017a. Antioxidant activity and polyphenol content of Turkish thyme (Thymus vulgaris) monitored by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. International Journal of Food Properties, 20, 514–525.
  • Köksal, E., Tohma, H., Kılıç, Ö., Alan, Y., Aras, A., Gülçin, I., Bursal, E. 2017b. Assessment of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of nepeta trachonitica: Analysis of its phenolic compounds using HPLC-MS/MS. Scientia Pharmaceutica, 85, 1–14.
  • Moustafa, S.M., Menshawi, B.M., Wassel, G.M., Mahmoud, K., Mounier, M. 2014. Screening of some Plants in Egypt for their Cytotoxicity against four Human Cancer cell lines. International Journal of Pharmtech Research, 6, 1074–1084.
  • Naghibi, F., Irani, M., Hassanpour, A., Pirani, A., Hamzeloo-Moghadam, M. 2014. Cytotoxic effects of selective species of Caryophyllaceae in Iran. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy, 1, 29–32.
  • Navarro del Hierro, J., Herrera, T., Fornari, T., Reglero, G., Martin, D. 2018. The gastrointestinal behavior of saponins and its significance for their bioavailability and bioactivities. Journal of Functional. Foods, 40, 484–497.
  • Ngo, D.H., Wijesekara, I., Vo, T.S., Van Ta, Q., Kim, S.K. 2011. Marine food-derived functional ingredients as potential antioxidants in the food industry: An overview. Food Research International, 44, 523–529.
  • Podolak, I., Galanty, A., Sobolewska, D. 2010. Saponins as cytotoxic agents: A review. Phytochemistry Reviews, 9, 425–474.
  • Poyraz, İ.E., Çiftçi, G.A., Öztürk, N. 2017. Phenolic Contents, in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities of Salvia aethiopis l. and S. ceratophylla l. (lamiaceae). Records of Natural Products, 11, 345–355.
  • Primorac, M., Seculovic, D., Antonic, S. 1985. In vitro determination of the spermicidal activity of plant saponins. Pharmazie, 40, 585.
  • Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M., Evans, C. 1999. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 26, 1231–1237.
  • Serteser, A., Kargıoğlu, M., Gök, V., Bağci, Y., Özcan, M.M., Arslan, D. 2009. Antioxidant properties of some plants growing wild in Turkey. Grasas Aceites, 60, 147–154.
  • Singleton, V.L., Rossi, J.A. 1965. Colorunetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of. Enology and Viticulture, 16, 144–158.
  • Skrovankova, S., Sumczynski, D., Mlcek, J., Jurikova, T., Sochor, J. 2015. Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in different types of berries. International Journal of Molecular Science, 16, 24673–24706. Tohidi, B., Rahimmalek, M., Arzani, A. 2017. Essential oil composition, total phenolic, flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity of Thymus species collected from different regions of Iran. Food Chemistry, 220, 153–161.
  • Trendowski, M., Yu, G., Wong, V., Acquafondata, C., Christen, T., Fondy, T.P. 2014. The real deal: Using cytochalasin B in sonodynamic therapy to preferentially damage leukemia cells. Anticancer Reearch, 34, 2195–2202.
  • Tusevski, O., Kostovska, A., Iloska, A., Trajkovska, L., Simic, S.G. 2014. Phenolic production and antioxidant properties of some Macedonian medicinal plants. Central European Journal of Biology, 9, 888–900.
  • Van Dam, R.M., Naidoo, N., Landberg, R. 2013. Dietary flavonoids and the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases: Review of recent findings. Current Opinion in Lipidology, 24, 25–33.
  • Vitcheva, V., Simeonova, R., Krasteva, I., Yotova, M., Nikolov, S., Mitcheva, M. 2011. Hepatoprotective effects of saponarin, isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma Wend. on cocaine-induced oxidative stress in rats. Redox Report, 16, 56–61.
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  • Yazici, S.Ö., Özmen, İ. 2017. Effect of the Crude Saponin Extract from Gypsophila pilulifera Boiss. & Heldr. on Protease from Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and Antioxidant Properties of the Extract. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology,1-7.
  • Yücekutlu, A.N., Bildacı, I. 2008. Determination of Plant Saponins and Some of Gypsophila Species : A review of the literature. Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 36, 129–135.
  • Zhao, G.R., Xiang, Z.J., Ye, T.X., Yuan, Y.J., Guo, Z.X. 2006. Antioxidant activities of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Panax notoginseng. Food Chemistry, 99, 767–774.
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HPLC Analysis of Phenolic Compounds from Gypsophila aucheri Boiss. and Investigation of Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity of Gypsophila aucheri Boiss. exracts

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 168 - 181, 31.08.2018
https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.411194

Öz

This study was designed to investigate the antioxidant and
antiproliferative activities of
Gypsophila aucheri Boiss.
extracts as well as phenolic content by RP-HPLC
technique. Antioxidant activity potentials of the extracts were evaluated by
four different methods namely, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and
2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (
ABTS) radical scavenging capacity
tests, cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method, and
metal chelating assay.
Antiproliferative activities of the extracts
were tested against breast carcinoma (MCF-7), colorectal carcinoma (HT-29), and
hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. RP-HPLC analysis revealed the presence
of eight phenolic compounds in eighteen phenolics scanned. Antioxidant activity
results showed that methanol extract of
Gypsophila aucheri displayed more pronounced antioxidant activity than water extract
according to DPPH and ABTS tests, whereas water extract was superior than
methanol extract for CUPRAC and metal chelating activity tests
. Cytotoxicity tests demostrated the
promising antiproliferative activity of methanol extract against all the tested
cancer cell lines with its lower IC
50 values. However, both extracts
were observed to display moderate biological activity compared to positive
controls. The obtained data suggest that
Gypsophila aucheri could
be evaluated as a promising source for food and nutraceutical industries due to
its striking antioxidant and moderate antiproliferative potentials together
with high phytochemical profile

Kaynakça

  • Altay, A., Bozoğlu, F. 2017. Salvia fruticosa Modulates mRNA Expressions and Activity Levels of Xenobiotic Metabolizing CYP1A2, CYP2E1, NQO1, GPx, and GST Enzymes in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma HT-29 Cells. Nutrution and Cancer, 69 (6), 892-903.
  • Altay, A., Celep, G.S., Yaprak, A.E., Baskose, I., Bozoglu, F. 2017. Glassworts as Possible Anticancer Agents Against Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells with Their Nutritive, Antioxidant and Phytochemical Profiles. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 14(3), 1-10.
  • Ammar, I., Ennouri, M., Attia, H. 2015. Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) flowers are modified according to the extraction method. Industrial Crops and Products, 64, 97–104.
  • Apak, R., Güçlü, K., Özyürek, M., Çelik, S.E. 2008. Mechanism of antioxidant capacity assays and the CUPRAC (cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity) assay. Microchimica Acta, 160, 413–419.
  • Arslan, I., Çelik, A. 2013. Saponin Rich Fractions (SRPs) from Soapwort Show Antioxidant and Hemolytic Activity. APCBEE Procedia, 7, 103–108.
  • Ayaz, M., Junaid, M., Ullah, F., Sadiq, A., Subhan, F., Khan, M.A., Ahmad, W., Ali, G., Imran, M., Ahmad, S. 2016. Molecularly characterized solvent extracts and saponins from Polygonum hydropiper L. show high anti-angiogenic, anti-tumor, brine shrimp, and fibroblast NIH/3T3 cell line cytotoxicity. Fronties in Pharmacology, 7, 1–13.
  • Bai, H., Zhong, Y., Xie, Y.Y., Wang, Y.S., Liu, L., Zhou, L., Wang, J., Mu, Y.L., Zuo, C.X. 2007. A major triterpenoid saponin from Gypsophila oldhamiana. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 4, 955–960.
  • Blois, M.S. 1958. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature, 181, 1199–1200.
  • Chima, N.K., Nahar, L., Majinda, R.R.T., Celik, S., Sarker, S.D. 2014. Assessment of free-radical scavenging activity of Gypsophila pilulifera: Assay-guided isolation of verbascoside as the main active component. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy, 24, 38–43.
  • Dinis, T.P.C., Madeira, V.M.C., Almeida, L.M. 1994. Action of Phenolic Derivatives (Acetaminophen, Salicylate, and 5-Aminosalicylate) as Inhibitors of Membrane Lipid Peroxidation and as Peroxyl Radical Scavengers. Archive of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 315, 161–169.
  • Do, Q.D., Angkawijaya, A.E., Tran-Nguyen, P.L., Huynh, L.H., Soetaredjo, F.E., Ismadji, S., Ju, Y.H. 2014. Effect of extraction solvent on total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of Limnophila aromatica. Journal of Food and Drug Analaysis, 22, 296–302.
  • dos Santos, H.F., Campos, J.F., dos Santos, C.M., Balestieri, J.B.P., Silva, D.B., Carollo, C.A., Souza, K. de P., Estevinho, L.M., dos Santos, E.L. 2017. Chemical profile and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic and antimicrobial activities of geopropolis from the stingless bee Melipona orbignyi. International Journal of Molecular Science, 18(5), 953.
  • Embuscado, M.E. 2015. Spices and herbs: Natural sources of antioxidants - A mini review. Journal of Functional Foods, 18, 811–819.
  • Farzaneh, V., Carvalho, I.S. 2015. A review of the health benefit potentials of herbal plant infusions and their mechanism of actions. Industrial Crops and Products, 65, 247–258.
  • Fu, Z.F., Tu, Z.C., Zhang, L., Wang, H., Wen, Q.H., Huang, T. 2016. Antioxidant activities and polyphenols of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaves extracted with solvents of various polarities. Food Bioscience, 15, 11–18.
  • Guérard, M., Baum, M., Bitsch, A., Eisenbrand, G., Elhajouji, A., Epe, B., Habermeyer, M., Kaina, B., Martus, H.J., Pfuhler, S., Schmitz, C., Sutter, A., Thomas, A.D., Ziemann, C., Froetschl, R. 2015. Assessment of mechanisms driving non-linear dose-response relationships in genotoxicity testing. Reviews in Mutation Research, 763, 181–201.
  • Gülçin, İ. 2011. Antioxidant Activity of Eugenol: A Structure–Activity Relationship Study. Journal of Medicinal. Food, 14, 975–985.
  • Holmes, S.E., Bachran, C., Fuchs, H., Weng, A., Melzig, M.F., Flavell, S.U., Flavell, D.J. 2015. Triterpenoid saponin augmention of saporin-based immunotoxin cytotoxicity for human leukaemia and lymphoma cells is partially immunospecific and target moleculedependent. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicology, 37, 42–55.
  • Hosseinzadeh, S., Jafarikukhdan, A., Hosseini, A., Armand, R. 2015. The Application of Medicinal Plants in Traditional and Modern Medicine: A Review of Thymus vulgaris, International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 6, 635–642.
  • Işık, M., Korkmaz, M., Bursal, E., Gülçin, İ., Köksal, E., Tohma, H. 2015. Determination of Antioxidant Properties of Gypsophila bitlisensis Bark. International Journal of Pharmacology, 11, 366–371.
  • Jang, D.S., Park, E.J., Kang, Y.-H., Hawthorne, M.E., Vigo, J.S., Graham, J.G., Cabieses, F., Fong, H.H.S., Mehta, R.G., Pezzuto, J.M., Kinghorn, D. 2003. Potential cancer chemopreventive flavonoids from the stems of Tephrosia toxicaria. Journal of Natural Products, 66, 1166–1170.
  • Kamal, Z., Ullah, F., Ayaz, M., Sadiq, A., Ahmad, S., Zeb, A., Hussain, A., Imran, M. 2015. Anticholinesterase and antioxidant investigations of crude extracts, subsequent fractions, saponins and flavonoids of atriplex laciniata L.: potential effectiveness in Alzheimer’s and other neurological disorders. Biological Research, 48, 21.
  • Kontogianni, V.G., Tomic, G., Nikolic, I., Nerantzaki, A.A., Sayyad, N., Stosic-Grujicic, S., Stojanovic, I., Gerothanassis, I.P., Tzakos, A.G. 2013. Phytochemical profile of Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia officinalis extracts and correlation to their antioxidant and anti-proliferative activity. Food Chemistry, 136, 120–129.
  • Korkmaz, M., Özçelik, H. 2013. Soil-plant relations in the annual Gypsophila (Caryopyhllaceae) taxa of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany, 37, 85–98.
  • Korkmaz, M., Özçelik, H. 2011. Economic importance of Gypsophila L., Ankyropetalum Fenzl and Saponaria L. (Caryophyllaceae) taxa of Turkey. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10, 9533–9541.
  • Koyuncu, M., Kiliç, C.S., Güvenç, A. 2008. Doǧu Anadolu’da Çöven Elde Edilen Bitkiler ve Bunlarin Doǧadaki Potansiyeli. Turkish Journal of Botany, 32, 489–494.
  • Köksal, E., Bursal, E., Gülçin, İ., Korkmaz, M., Çağlayan, C., Gören, A.C., Alwasel, S.H. 2017a. Antioxidant activity and polyphenol content of Turkish thyme (Thymus vulgaris) monitored by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. International Journal of Food Properties, 20, 514–525.
  • Köksal, E., Tohma, H., Kılıç, Ö., Alan, Y., Aras, A., Gülçin, I., Bursal, E. 2017b. Assessment of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of nepeta trachonitica: Analysis of its phenolic compounds using HPLC-MS/MS. Scientia Pharmaceutica, 85, 1–14.
  • Moustafa, S.M., Menshawi, B.M., Wassel, G.M., Mahmoud, K., Mounier, M. 2014. Screening of some Plants in Egypt for their Cytotoxicity against four Human Cancer cell lines. International Journal of Pharmtech Research, 6, 1074–1084.
  • Naghibi, F., Irani, M., Hassanpour, A., Pirani, A., Hamzeloo-Moghadam, M. 2014. Cytotoxic effects of selective species of Caryophyllaceae in Iran. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy, 1, 29–32.
  • Navarro del Hierro, J., Herrera, T., Fornari, T., Reglero, G., Martin, D. 2018. The gastrointestinal behavior of saponins and its significance for their bioavailability and bioactivities. Journal of Functional. Foods, 40, 484–497.
  • Ngo, D.H., Wijesekara, I., Vo, T.S., Van Ta, Q., Kim, S.K. 2011. Marine food-derived functional ingredients as potential antioxidants in the food industry: An overview. Food Research International, 44, 523–529.
  • Podolak, I., Galanty, A., Sobolewska, D. 2010. Saponins as cytotoxic agents: A review. Phytochemistry Reviews, 9, 425–474.
  • Poyraz, İ.E., Çiftçi, G.A., Öztürk, N. 2017. Phenolic Contents, in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities of Salvia aethiopis l. and S. ceratophylla l. (lamiaceae). Records of Natural Products, 11, 345–355.
  • Primorac, M., Seculovic, D., Antonic, S. 1985. In vitro determination of the spermicidal activity of plant saponins. Pharmazie, 40, 585.
  • Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M., Evans, C. 1999. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 26, 1231–1237.
  • Serteser, A., Kargıoğlu, M., Gök, V., Bağci, Y., Özcan, M.M., Arslan, D. 2009. Antioxidant properties of some plants growing wild in Turkey. Grasas Aceites, 60, 147–154.
  • Singleton, V.L., Rossi, J.A. 1965. Colorunetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of. Enology and Viticulture, 16, 144–158.
  • Skrovankova, S., Sumczynski, D., Mlcek, J., Jurikova, T., Sochor, J. 2015. Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in different types of berries. International Journal of Molecular Science, 16, 24673–24706. Tohidi, B., Rahimmalek, M., Arzani, A. 2017. Essential oil composition, total phenolic, flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity of Thymus species collected from different regions of Iran. Food Chemistry, 220, 153–161.
  • Trendowski, M., Yu, G., Wong, V., Acquafondata, C., Christen, T., Fondy, T.P. 2014. The real deal: Using cytochalasin B in sonodynamic therapy to preferentially damage leukemia cells. Anticancer Reearch, 34, 2195–2202.
  • Tusevski, O., Kostovska, A., Iloska, A., Trajkovska, L., Simic, S.G. 2014. Phenolic production and antioxidant properties of some Macedonian medicinal plants. Central European Journal of Biology, 9, 888–900.
  • Van Dam, R.M., Naidoo, N., Landberg, R. 2013. Dietary flavonoids and the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases: Review of recent findings. Current Opinion in Lipidology, 24, 25–33.
  • Vitcheva, V., Simeonova, R., Krasteva, I., Yotova, M., Nikolov, S., Mitcheva, M. 2011. Hepatoprotective effects of saponarin, isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma Wend. on cocaine-induced oxidative stress in rats. Redox Report, 16, 56–61.
  • Voutquenne-Nazabadioko, L., Gevrenova, R., Borie, N., Harakat, D., Sayagh, C., Weng, A., Thakur, M., Zaharieva, M., Henry, M. 2013. Triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Gypsophila trichotoma Wender. Phytochemistry, 90, 114–127.
  • Yao, S., Ma, L., Luo Jian, G., Wang Jim, S., Kong Ling, Y. 2010. Triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Gypsophila paniculata. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines, 8, 28–33.
  • Yazici, S.Ö., Özmen, İ. 2017. Effect of the Crude Saponin Extract from Gypsophila pilulifera Boiss. & Heldr. on Protease from Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and Antioxidant Properties of the Extract. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology,1-7.
  • Yücekutlu, A.N., Bildacı, I. 2008. Determination of Plant Saponins and Some of Gypsophila Species : A review of the literature. Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 36, 129–135.
  • Zhao, G.R., Xiang, Z.J., Ye, T.X., Yuan, Y.J., Guo, Z.X. 2006. Antioxidant activities of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Panax notoginseng. Food Chemistry, 99, 767–774.
  • Zhishen, J., Mengcheng, T., Jianming, W. 1999. The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effects on superoxide radicals. Food Chemistry, 64(4), 555-559.
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ahmet Altay

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Altay, A. (2018). HPLC Analysis of Phenolic Compounds from Gypsophila aucheri Boiss. and Investigation of Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity of Gypsophila aucheri Boiss. exracts. Erzincan University Journal of Science and Technology, 11(2), 168-181. https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.411194