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Tekrarlayan Endodontik Tedavilerde Kök Kanal Dolgusunu Uzaklaştırma Yöntemleri

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 214 - 221, 20.09.2021

Barış Ürün Bağdagül Helvacıoğlu Kıvanç

Öz

Birincil kök kanal tedavisi başarısız olduğunda periapikal lezyonlar cerrahi veya cerrahi olmayan yöntemlerle yeniden tedavi edilebilir. Tekrarlayan kök kanal tedavisi kök kanal dolgu materyallerinin uzaklaştırıldığı ardından temizlemenin, şekillendirmenin ve tıkamanın yapıldığı cerrahi olmayan bir işlemdir. Tekrarlayan kök kanal tedavilerinde ilk amaç kök kanal sisteminden dolgu materyallerinin uzaklaştırılmasıdır. Günümüzde mevcut olan çeşitli kök kanal dolgu materyallerini uzaklaştırmanın birçok farklı yolu vardır. Bu derleme, kök kanal dolgu materyallerinin uzaklaştırılmasında kullanılan farklı cihazları ve teknikleri açıklamayı ve tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

kök kanalı dolgu materyalleri tedavi başarısızlığı tekrarlayan tedavi

Kaynakça

  • 1. Sjögren U, Hägglund B, Sundqvist G, Wing K. Factors affecting the long-term results of endodontic treatment. J. Endod. 1990;16(10):498-504.
  • 2. Seltzer S, Bender I, Smith J, Freedman I, Nazimov H. Endodontic failures—An analysis based on clinical, roentgenographic, and histologic findings: Part II. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. 1967;23(4):517-30.
  • 3. Strindberg LZ. The dependence of the results of pulp therapy on certain factors-an analytical study based on radiographic and clinical follow-up examination. Acta Odontol. Scand. 1956;14:1-175.
  • 4. Engstrom B. Correlation of positive cultures with the prognosis for root canal therapy. Odontol. Rev. 1964;15:257-69.
  • 5. Lantz B, Persson P. Periodontal tissue reactions after root perforations in dog's teeth. A histologic study. Odontol. Tidskr. 1967;75(3):209.
  • 6. Walton RE, Michelich RJ, Smith GN. The histopathogenesis of vertical root fractures. J. Endod. 1984;10(2):48-56.
  • 7. Torabinejad M, Salha W, Lozada JL, Hung Y-L, Garbacea A. Degree of patient pain, complications, and satisfaction after root canal treatment or a single implant: a preliminary prospective investigation. J. Endod. 2014;40(12):1940-5.
  • 8. Friedman S, Mor C. The success of endodontic therapy healing and functionality. CDA J. 2004;32(6):493-503.
  • 9. Friedman S, Stabholz A, Tamse A. Endodontic retreatment—case selection and technique. Part 3. Retreatment techniques. J. Endod. 1990;16(11):543-9.
  • 10. Wu M, Van der Sluis L, Wesselink P. A preliminary study of the percentage of gutta-percha-filled area in the apical canal filled with vertically compacted warm gutta-percha. Int. Endod. J. 2002;35(6):527-35.
  • 11. Stabholz A, Friedman S. Endodontic retreatment—case selection and technique. Part 2: treatment planning for retreatment. J. Endod. 1988;14(12):607-14.
  • 12. Akpınar KE, Altunbaş D, Kuştarcı A. The efficacy of two rotary NiTi instruments and H-files to remove gutta-percha from root canals. Med. Oral Patol. Oral Cir. Bucal. 2012;17(3):e506.
  • 13. Helvacioglu‐Yigit D, Yilmaz A, Kiziltas‐Sendur G, Aslan O, Abbott P. Efficacy of reciprocating and rotary systems for removing root filling material: A micro‐computed tomography study. Scanning: The Journal of Scanning Microscopies 2014;36(6):576-81.
  • 14. Imura N, Kato A, Hata GI, Uemura M, Toda T, Weine F. A comparison of the relative efficacies of four hand and rotary instrumentation techniques during endodontic retreatment. Int. Endod. J. 2000;33(4):361-6.
  • 15. Gutmann J, Dumsha T, Lovdahl P. Problem-solving challenges in the revision of previous root canal procedures. Problem Solving in Endodontics: Prevention, Identification and Management. 4th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby 2006:239-79.
  • 16. Reddy N, Admala SR, Dinapadu S, Pasari S, Reddy MP, Rao MR. Comparative analysis of efficacy and cleaning ability of hand and rotary devices for gutta-percha removal in root canal retreatment: an in vitro study. The journal of contemporary dental practice 2013;14(4):635.
  • 17. Hülsmann M, Bluhm V. Efficacy, cleaning ability and safety of different rotary NiTi instruments in root canal retreatment. Int. Endod. J. 2004;37(7):468-76.
  • 18. Zmener O, Pameijer C, Banegas G. Retreatment efficacy of hand versus automated instrumentation in oval‐shaped root canals: an ex vivo study. Int. Endod. J. 2006;39(7):521-6.
  • 19. Betti L, Bramante C. Quantec SC rotary instruments versus hand files for gutta‐percha removal in root canal retreatment. Int. Endod. J. 2001;34(7):514-9.
  • 20. Rossi-Fedele G, Ahmed HMA. Assessment of root canal filling removal effectiveness using micro–computed tomography: a systematic review. J. Endod. 2017;43(4):520-6.
  • 21. Aksel H, Küçükkaya Eren S, Askerbeyli Örs S, Serper A, Ocak M, Çelik H. Micro‐CT evaluation of the removal of root fillings using the ProTaper Universal Retreatment system supplemented by the XP‐Endo Finisher file. Int. Endod. J. 2019;52(7):1070-6.
  • 22. Kosti E, Lambrianidis T, Economides N, Neofitou C. Ex vivo study of the efficacy of H‐files and rotary Ni–Ti instruments to remove gutta‐percha and four types of sealer. Int. Endod. J. 2006;39(1):48-54.
  • 23. Khedmat S, Azari A, Shamshiri AR, Fadae M, Fakhar HB. Efficacy of ProTaper and Mtwo retreatment files in removal of gutta-percha and GuttaFlow from root canals. Iranian endodontic journal 2016;11(3):184.
  • 24. Maiti N, Kumar U, Mukherjee S. Evaluation of Four Different Retreatment Files in Root Canal Retreatment Using Digital Imaging Software & Stereomicroscope. Guident 2014;7(10).
  • 25. Rödig T, Reicherts P, Konietschke F, Dullin C, Hahn W, Hülsmann M. Efficacy of reciprocating and rotary N i T i instruments for retreatment of curved root canals assessed by micro‐CT. Int. Endod. J. 2014;47(10):942-8.
  • 26. Crozeta BM, de Sousa-Neto MD, Leoni GB, Mazzi-Chaves JF, Silva-Sousa YTC, Baratto-Filho F. A micro-computed tomography assessment of the efficacy of rotary and reciprocating techniques for filling material removal in root canal retreatment. Clin. Oral Investig. 2016;20(8):2235-40.
  • 27. Bernardes R, Duarte M, Vivan R, Alcalde M, Vasconcelos B, Bramante C. Comparison of three retreatment techniques with ultrasonic activation in flattened canals using micro‐computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy. Int. Endod. J. 2016;49(9):890-7.
  • 28. Garcia-Font M, Durán-Sindreu F, Morelló S, Irazusta S, Abella F, Roig M, Olivieri J. Postoperative pain after removal of gutta-percha from root canals in endodontic retreatment using rotary or reciprocating instruments: a prospective clinical study. Clin. Oral Investig. 2018;22(7):2623-31.
  • 29. Comparin D, Moreira EJL, Souza EM, De-Deus G, Arias A, Silva EJNL. Postoperative pain after endodontic retreatment using rotary or reciprocating instruments: a randomized clinical trial. J. Endod. 2017;43(7):1084-8.
  • 30. Liu M, Xiong S, Tan F, Liu Y. Less extrusion debris during the retreatment of curved canals using twisted files with higher rotational speeds: an ex vivo study. BMC Oral Health 2017;17(1):45.
  • 31. Metzger Z, Teperovich E, Zary R, Cohen R, Hof R. The self-adjusting file (SAF). Part 1: respecting the root canal anatomy—a new concept of endodontic files and its implementation. J. Endod. 2010;36(4):679-90.
  • 32. Solomonov M, Paqué F, Kaya S, Adıgüzel Ö, Kfir A, Yiğit-Özer S. Self-adjusting files in retreatment: a high-resolution micro–computed tomography study. J. Endod. 2012;38(9):1283-7.
  • 33. Yürüker S, Görduysus M, Küçükkaya S, Uzunoğlu E, Ilgın C, Gülen O, Tuncel B, Görduysus MÖ. Efficacy of combined use of different nickel-titanium files on removing root canal filling materials. J. Endod. 2016;42(3):487-92.
  • 34. Roda RS, Gettleman BH. Nonsurgical Retreatment. In: Hargreaves KM, Berman LH, Rotstein I, editors. Cohen’s Pathways of the Pulp: Elsevier; 2015. p 324-86.
  • 35. Lee FS, Van Cura JE, BeGole E. A comparison of root surface temperatures using different obturation heat sources. J. Endod. 1998;24(9):617-20.
  • 36. Sağlam BC, Koçak MM, Türker SA, Koçak S. Efficacy of different solvents in removing gutta‐percha from curved root canals: a micro‐computed tomography study. Australian Endodontic Journal 2014;40(2):76-80.
  • 37. Duncan HF, CHONG BS. Removal of root filling materials. Endodontic Topics 2008;19(1):33-57.
  • 38. Vidučić D, Jukić S, Karlović Z, Božić Ž, Miletić I, Anić I. Removal of gutta‐percha from root canals using an Nd: YAG laser. Int. Endod. J. 2003;36(10):670-3.
  • 39. Anjo T, Ebihara A, Takeda A, Takashina M, Sunakawa M, Suda H. Removal of two types of root canal filling material using pulsed Nd: YAG laser irradiation. Photomedicine and Laser Therapy 2004;22(6):470-6.
  • 40. Samiei M, Ghasemi N, Torab A, Rahimi S, Niknami M, Rikhtegaran S, Purnaghi FA, Mehdi SVP. Comparative CBCT evaluation of the efficacy of Nd: YAG laser and K3 rotary system in non-surgical root canal retreatment. Minerva Stomatol. 2016;65(1):11-6.
  • 41. Jiang S, Zou T, Li D, Chang JW, Huang X, Zhang C. Effectiveness of sonic, ultrasonic, and photon-induced photoacoustic streaming activation of NaOCl on filling material removal following retreatment in oval canal anatomy. Photomed. Laser Surg. 2016;34(1):3-10.
  • 42. Cavenago B, Ordinola‐Zapata R, Duarte M, del Carpio‐Perochena A, Villas‐Bôas M, Marciano M, Bramante C, Moraes I. Efficacy of xylene and passive ultrasonic irrigation on remaining root filling material during retreatment of anatomically complex teeth. Int. Endod. J. 2014;47(11):1078-83.
  • 43. Jain M, Singhal A, Gurtu A, Vinayak V. Influence of Ultrasonic Irrigation and Chloroform on Cleanliness of Dentinal Tubules During Endodontic Retreatment-An Invitro SEM Study. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR 2015;9(5):ZC11.
  • 44. Agrawal P, Ramanna PK, Arora S, Sivarajan S, Jayan A, Sangeetha KM. Evaluation of Efficacy of Different Instrumentation for Removal of Gutta-percha and Sealers in Endodontic Retreatment: An In Vitro Study. Dent. Pract. 2019;20(11):1269-73.
  • 45. Crozeta BM, Lopes FC, Silva RM, Silva-Sousa YTC, Moretti LF, Sousa-Neto MD. Retreatability of BC Sealer and AH Plus root canal sealers using new supplementary instrumentation protocol during non-surgical endodontic retreatment. Clin. Oral Investig. 2020:1-9.
  • 46. Grischke J, Müller-Heine A, Hülsmann M. The effect of four different irrigation systems in the removal of a root canal sealer. Clin. Oral Investig. 2014;18(7):1845-51.
  • 47. Shipper G, Ørstavik D, Teixeira FB, Trope M. An evaluation of microbial leakage in roots filled with a thermoplastic synthetic polymer-based root canal filling material (Resilon). J. Endod. 2004;30(5):342-7.
  • 48. Bodrumlu E, Uzun Ö, Topuz Ö, Semiz M. Efficacy of 3 techniques in removing root canal filling material. Journal of the Canadian Dental Association 2008;74(8).
  • 49. Taşdemir T, Yildirim T, Çelik D. Comparative study of removal of current endodontic fillings. J. Endod. 2008;34(3):326-9.
  • 50. Nevares G, de Albuquerque DS, Bueno C, Cunha RS. Is guttacore more easily removed from the root canal than thermafil? an ex-vivo study. J. Can. Dent. Assoc. 2015;81:f22.

Removal Methods of Root Canal Filling Materials in Endodontic Retreatment

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 214 - 221, 20.09.2021

Barış Ürün Bağdagül Helvacıoğlu Kıvanç

Öz

When primary root canal therapy fails, periapical lesions can be retreated with or without surgery. Root canal retreatment is a non-surgical procedure that involves removal of root canal filling materials from the tooth, followed by cleaning, shaping and obturating of the canals. The removal of obturation materials from the root canal system is a primary objective in root canal retreatment procedures. Nowadays there are many different ways to remove the root canal filling materials. This review aims to explain and discuss the different devices and techniques using for removing the root canal filling materials.

Anahtar Kelimeler

retreatment root canal filling materials treatment failure

Kaynakça

  • 1. Sjögren U, Hägglund B, Sundqvist G, Wing K. Factors affecting the long-term results of endodontic treatment. J. Endod. 1990;16(10):498-504.
  • 2. Seltzer S, Bender I, Smith J, Freedman I, Nazimov H. Endodontic failures—An analysis based on clinical, roentgenographic, and histologic findings: Part II. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. 1967;23(4):517-30.
  • 3. Strindberg LZ. The dependence of the results of pulp therapy on certain factors-an analytical study based on radiographic and clinical follow-up examination. Acta Odontol. Scand. 1956;14:1-175.
  • 4. Engstrom B. Correlation of positive cultures with the prognosis for root canal therapy. Odontol. Rev. 1964;15:257-69.
  • 5. Lantz B, Persson P. Periodontal tissue reactions after root perforations in dog's teeth. A histologic study. Odontol. Tidskr. 1967;75(3):209.
  • 6. Walton RE, Michelich RJ, Smith GN. The histopathogenesis of vertical root fractures. J. Endod. 1984;10(2):48-56.
  • 7. Torabinejad M, Salha W, Lozada JL, Hung Y-L, Garbacea A. Degree of patient pain, complications, and satisfaction after root canal treatment or a single implant: a preliminary prospective investigation. J. Endod. 2014;40(12):1940-5.
  • 8. Friedman S, Mor C. The success of endodontic therapy healing and functionality. CDA J. 2004;32(6):493-503.
  • 9. Friedman S, Stabholz A, Tamse A. Endodontic retreatment—case selection and technique. Part 3. Retreatment techniques. J. Endod. 1990;16(11):543-9.
  • 10. Wu M, Van der Sluis L, Wesselink P. A preliminary study of the percentage of gutta-percha-filled area in the apical canal filled with vertically compacted warm gutta-percha. Int. Endod. J. 2002;35(6):527-35.
  • 11. Stabholz A, Friedman S. Endodontic retreatment—case selection and technique. Part 2: treatment planning for retreatment. J. Endod. 1988;14(12):607-14.
  • 12. Akpınar KE, Altunbaş D, Kuştarcı A. The efficacy of two rotary NiTi instruments and H-files to remove gutta-percha from root canals. Med. Oral Patol. Oral Cir. Bucal. 2012;17(3):e506.
  • 13. Helvacioglu‐Yigit D, Yilmaz A, Kiziltas‐Sendur G, Aslan O, Abbott P. Efficacy of reciprocating and rotary systems for removing root filling material: A micro‐computed tomography study. Scanning: The Journal of Scanning Microscopies 2014;36(6):576-81.
  • 14. Imura N, Kato A, Hata GI, Uemura M, Toda T, Weine F. A comparison of the relative efficacies of four hand and rotary instrumentation techniques during endodontic retreatment. Int. Endod. J. 2000;33(4):361-6.
  • 15. Gutmann J, Dumsha T, Lovdahl P. Problem-solving challenges in the revision of previous root canal procedures. Problem Solving in Endodontics: Prevention, Identification and Management. 4th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby 2006:239-79.
  • 16. Reddy N, Admala SR, Dinapadu S, Pasari S, Reddy MP, Rao MR. Comparative analysis of efficacy and cleaning ability of hand and rotary devices for gutta-percha removal in root canal retreatment: an in vitro study. The journal of contemporary dental practice 2013;14(4):635.
  • 17. Hülsmann M, Bluhm V. Efficacy, cleaning ability and safety of different rotary NiTi instruments in root canal retreatment. Int. Endod. J. 2004;37(7):468-76.
  • 18. Zmener O, Pameijer C, Banegas G. Retreatment efficacy of hand versus automated instrumentation in oval‐shaped root canals: an ex vivo study. Int. Endod. J. 2006;39(7):521-6.
  • 19. Betti L, Bramante C. Quantec SC rotary instruments versus hand files for gutta‐percha removal in root canal retreatment. Int. Endod. J. 2001;34(7):514-9.
  • 20. Rossi-Fedele G, Ahmed HMA. Assessment of root canal filling removal effectiveness using micro–computed tomography: a systematic review. J. Endod. 2017;43(4):520-6.
  • 21. Aksel H, Küçükkaya Eren S, Askerbeyli Örs S, Serper A, Ocak M, Çelik H. Micro‐CT evaluation of the removal of root fillings using the ProTaper Universal Retreatment system supplemented by the XP‐Endo Finisher file. Int. Endod. J. 2019;52(7):1070-6.
  • 22. Kosti E, Lambrianidis T, Economides N, Neofitou C. Ex vivo study of the efficacy of H‐files and rotary Ni–Ti instruments to remove gutta‐percha and four types of sealer. Int. Endod. J. 2006;39(1):48-54.
  • 23. Khedmat S, Azari A, Shamshiri AR, Fadae M, Fakhar HB. Efficacy of ProTaper and Mtwo retreatment files in removal of gutta-percha and GuttaFlow from root canals. Iranian endodontic journal 2016;11(3):184.
  • 24. Maiti N, Kumar U, Mukherjee S. Evaluation of Four Different Retreatment Files in Root Canal Retreatment Using Digital Imaging Software & Stereomicroscope. Guident 2014;7(10).
  • 25. Rödig T, Reicherts P, Konietschke F, Dullin C, Hahn W, Hülsmann M. Efficacy of reciprocating and rotary N i T i instruments for retreatment of curved root canals assessed by micro‐CT. Int. Endod. J. 2014;47(10):942-8.
  • 26. Crozeta BM, de Sousa-Neto MD, Leoni GB, Mazzi-Chaves JF, Silva-Sousa YTC, Baratto-Filho F. A micro-computed tomography assessment of the efficacy of rotary and reciprocating techniques for filling material removal in root canal retreatment. Clin. Oral Investig. 2016;20(8):2235-40.
  • 27. Bernardes R, Duarte M, Vivan R, Alcalde M, Vasconcelos B, Bramante C. Comparison of three retreatment techniques with ultrasonic activation in flattened canals using micro‐computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy. Int. Endod. J. 2016;49(9):890-7.
  • 28. Garcia-Font M, Durán-Sindreu F, Morelló S, Irazusta S, Abella F, Roig M, Olivieri J. Postoperative pain after removal of gutta-percha from root canals in endodontic retreatment using rotary or reciprocating instruments: a prospective clinical study. Clin. Oral Investig. 2018;22(7):2623-31.
  • 29. Comparin D, Moreira EJL, Souza EM, De-Deus G, Arias A, Silva EJNL. Postoperative pain after endodontic retreatment using rotary or reciprocating instruments: a randomized clinical trial. J. Endod. 2017;43(7):1084-8.
  • 30. Liu M, Xiong S, Tan F, Liu Y. Less extrusion debris during the retreatment of curved canals using twisted files with higher rotational speeds: an ex vivo study. BMC Oral Health 2017;17(1):45.
  • 31. Metzger Z, Teperovich E, Zary R, Cohen R, Hof R. The self-adjusting file (SAF). Part 1: respecting the root canal anatomy—a new concept of endodontic files and its implementation. J. Endod. 2010;36(4):679-90.
  • 32. Solomonov M, Paqué F, Kaya S, Adıgüzel Ö, Kfir A, Yiğit-Özer S. Self-adjusting files in retreatment: a high-resolution micro–computed tomography study. J. Endod. 2012;38(9):1283-7.
  • 33. Yürüker S, Görduysus M, Küçükkaya S, Uzunoğlu E, Ilgın C, Gülen O, Tuncel B, Görduysus MÖ. Efficacy of combined use of different nickel-titanium files on removing root canal filling materials. J. Endod. 2016;42(3):487-92.
  • 34. Roda RS, Gettleman BH. Nonsurgical Retreatment. In: Hargreaves KM, Berman LH, Rotstein I, editors. Cohen’s Pathways of the Pulp: Elsevier; 2015. p 324-86.
  • 35. Lee FS, Van Cura JE, BeGole E. A comparison of root surface temperatures using different obturation heat sources. J. Endod. 1998;24(9):617-20.
  • 36. Sağlam BC, Koçak MM, Türker SA, Koçak S. Efficacy of different solvents in removing gutta‐percha from curved root canals: a micro‐computed tomography study. Australian Endodontic Journal 2014;40(2):76-80.
  • 37. Duncan HF, CHONG BS. Removal of root filling materials. Endodontic Topics 2008;19(1):33-57.
  • 38. Vidučić D, Jukić S, Karlović Z, Božić Ž, Miletić I, Anić I. Removal of gutta‐percha from root canals using an Nd: YAG laser. Int. Endod. J. 2003;36(10):670-3.
  • 39. Anjo T, Ebihara A, Takeda A, Takashina M, Sunakawa M, Suda H. Removal of two types of root canal filling material using pulsed Nd: YAG laser irradiation. Photomedicine and Laser Therapy 2004;22(6):470-6.
  • 40. Samiei M, Ghasemi N, Torab A, Rahimi S, Niknami M, Rikhtegaran S, Purnaghi FA, Mehdi SVP. Comparative CBCT evaluation of the efficacy of Nd: YAG laser and K3 rotary system in non-surgical root canal retreatment. Minerva Stomatol. 2016;65(1):11-6.
  • 41. Jiang S, Zou T, Li D, Chang JW, Huang X, Zhang C. Effectiveness of sonic, ultrasonic, and photon-induced photoacoustic streaming activation of NaOCl on filling material removal following retreatment in oval canal anatomy. Photomed. Laser Surg. 2016;34(1):3-10.
  • 42. Cavenago B, Ordinola‐Zapata R, Duarte M, del Carpio‐Perochena A, Villas‐Bôas M, Marciano M, Bramante C, Moraes I. Efficacy of xylene and passive ultrasonic irrigation on remaining root filling material during retreatment of anatomically complex teeth. Int. Endod. J. 2014;47(11):1078-83.
  • 43. Jain M, Singhal A, Gurtu A, Vinayak V. Influence of Ultrasonic Irrigation and Chloroform on Cleanliness of Dentinal Tubules During Endodontic Retreatment-An Invitro SEM Study. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR 2015;9(5):ZC11.
  • 44. Agrawal P, Ramanna PK, Arora S, Sivarajan S, Jayan A, Sangeetha KM. Evaluation of Efficacy of Different Instrumentation for Removal of Gutta-percha and Sealers in Endodontic Retreatment: An In Vitro Study. Dent. Pract. 2019;20(11):1269-73.
  • 45. Crozeta BM, Lopes FC, Silva RM, Silva-Sousa YTC, Moretti LF, Sousa-Neto MD. Retreatability of BC Sealer and AH Plus root canal sealers using new supplementary instrumentation protocol during non-surgical endodontic retreatment. Clin. Oral Investig. 2020:1-9.
  • 46. Grischke J, Müller-Heine A, Hülsmann M. The effect of four different irrigation systems in the removal of a root canal sealer. Clin. Oral Investig. 2014;18(7):1845-51.
  • 47. Shipper G, Ørstavik D, Teixeira FB, Trope M. An evaluation of microbial leakage in roots filled with a thermoplastic synthetic polymer-based root canal filling material (Resilon). J. Endod. 2004;30(5):342-7.
  • 48. Bodrumlu E, Uzun Ö, Topuz Ö, Semiz M. Efficacy of 3 techniques in removing root canal filling material. Journal of the Canadian Dental Association 2008;74(8).
  • 49. Taşdemir T, Yildirim T, Çelik D. Comparative study of removal of current endodontic fillings. J. Endod. 2008;34(3):326-9.
  • 50. Nevares G, de Albuquerque DS, Bueno C, Cunha RS. Is guttacore more easily removed from the root canal than thermafil? an ex-vivo study. J. Can. Dent. Assoc. 2015;81:f22.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Diş Hekimliği
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Barış Ürün 0000-0002-8929-0379

Bağdagül Helvacıoğlu Kıvanç 0000-0001-6555-335X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Eylül 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Ocak 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Ürün B, Helvacıoğlu Kıvanç B. Tekrarlayan Endodontik Tedavilerde Kök Kanal Dolgusunu Uzaklaştırma Yöntemleri. ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi. 2021;10(3):214-21.
 Kapak Resmi İndir