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Multivariate analysis of the effects of site factors on the distributions of raphignathoid mites (Acari: Raphignathoidea)

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 61 - 69, 28.07.2022

Mervenur Ceylan Salih Doğan Kürşad Özkan

https://doi.org/10.47121/acarolstud.1103592

Öz

This study was carried out to examine the relationships between the distributions of raphignathoid mite (Acari: Raphignathoidea) species and their temporal and environmental site factors (i.e. season, habitat type, and altitude) in Pülümür Valley and its immediate environs, Turkey. Data was collected from 306 samples from the various locations in the study area. 70 raphignathoid mite species were identified. The most common raphignathoid species, genus, and family are Neognathus terrestris, Eustigmaeus, and Stigmaeidae, respectively. It has been also found that the greatest number of raphignathoid mite specimens has been encountered in autumn, followed by spring, summer, and winter, respectively.

Before applying the statistical analysis, rare species (i.e., the species having less than 5% frequency value) were omitted from the data matrix. Thus, the first (original) matrix size was reduced from 70⨉306 to 20⨉242. Elevation is a continuous variable whereas seasons and habitat types are nominal data. Therefore, each of the seasons (winter, spring, summer, and autumn), and each of habitat types [i.e., litter, soil, soil and organic components, mixed material consisting of moss and liken, and the others (manure and ant nest)] were inserted as binary data [present (1), absent (0)] in the data matrix.

Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CANOCA) was applied to define the species-site relationships. Findings indicate that Caligonella haddadi, Neognathus terrestris, Cryptognathus lagena, Raphignathus gracilis, and Stigmaeus devlethanensis are significantly associated with moss and lichen habitat whereas litter, grassy and mossy soil are more suitable habitat types for Favognathus amygdalus, F. cucurbita, Raphignathus kuznetzovi, Eustigmaeus dogani, E. pinnatus, E. segnis, Ledermuelleriopsis aminiae, L. ayyildizi, and Storchia robusta. In addition to this, three species Favognathus cucurbita, Eustigmaeus segnis, and Ledermuelleriopsis plumosus are positively and six species Caligonella humilis, Neognathus terrestris, Favognathus amygdalus, Raphignathus gracilis, Raphignathus kuznetzovi and Ledermuelleriopsis aminiae are negatively related to elevation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mite multivariate methods ordination techniques habitat environmental factors

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK

Proje Numarası

118Z469

Teşekkür

We are grateful to TR Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry for providing the legal permissions for the field surveys. We would like to express our sincere gratitude TÜBİTAK for their financial supports. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not reflect the official views of the funding organization. This study is a part of the first author’s on-going MSc thesis supervised by S. Doğan and co-supervised by K. Özkan.

Kaynakça

  • Afshar, F.A. 1965. Geology of Tunceli - Bingöl region of Eastern Turkey. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi, 65: 33-44.
  • Akyol, M. and Koç, K. 2016. Investigation of numerical and seasonal distribution on taxa of superfamily Raphignathoidea (Acari: Prostigmata) in Afyonkarahisar. Ulusal Uygulamalı Biyolojik Bilimler Kongresi, 26-29 December, 2016, Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Biyoteknoloji Bölümü, Konya, Turkey, p. 58.
  • Armağan, M., 2020. The explorations on the flora of Tunceli (Turkey). Anatolian Journal of Botany, 4 (1): 11-56. doi: 10.30616/ajb.697171
  • Babacan, E.Y., Vitek, E. and Çakılcıoğlu, U. 2017. Contributions to the flora of Tunceli (Turkey). International Journal of Nature and Life Sciences, 1 (2): 39-66.
  • Barendse, J., Mercer, R.D., Marshall, D.J. and Chown, S.L. 2002. Habitat specificity of mites on Sub-Antarctic Marion Island. Environmental Entomology, 31 (4): 612-625. doi: 10.1603/0046-225X-31.4.612
  • Beron, P. 2020. Acarorum Catalogus VII. Trombidiformes, Prostigmata, Raphignathoidea. Fam. Barbutiidae, Caligonellidae, Camerobiidae, Cryptognathidae, Dasythyreidae, Dytiscacaridae, Eupalopsellidae, Homocaligidae, Mecognathidae, Raphignathidae, Stigmaeidae, Xenocaligonellididae. Pensoft & National Museum of Natural History & Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, 306 pp. doi: 10.3897/ab.e55087
  • Doğan, S. 2008. A catalogue of cryptognathid mites (Acari: Prostigmata, Cryptognathidae) with the descriptions of a new species of Favognathus Luxton and a newly discovered male of F. amygdalus Doğan & Ayyıldız from Turkey. Journal of Natural History, 42: 1665-1686. doi: 10.1080/00222930802109132
  • Doğan, S. 2019. Raphignathoidea (Acari: Trombidiformes) of Turkey: A review of progress on the systematics, with an updated checklist. Acarological Studies, 1 (2): 129-151.
  • Fan, Q.H. 2000. A phylogenetic analysis of the family Caligonellidae (Acari: Prostigmata) with descriptions of two new species. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 43 (4): 421-428.
  • Fan, Q.-H. 2004. A catalogue of the genus Eupalopsellus Sellnick (Acari: Prostigmata, Eupalopsellidae) with the description of a new species from China. Biologia, 59: 533-545.
  • Fan, Q.-H., Flechtmann, C.H.W. and De Moraes, D.J. 2016. Annotated catalogue of Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata), with a pictorial key to genera. Zootaxa, 4176: 1-199. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4176.1.1
  • Fan, Q.-H., Flechtmann, C.H.W. and De Moraes, D.J. 2019. Emendations and updates to “Annotated catalogue of Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata), with a pictorial key to genera”. Zootaxa, 4647 (1): 88-103. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4647.1.9
  • Fan, Q.-H., Walter, D.E. and Proctor, H.C. 2003a. A review of the family Barbutiidae (Acari: Raphignathoidea), with the description of two new species from Australia. Systematic and Applied Acarology, 8: 107-130. doi: 10.11158/saa.8.1.14
  • Fan, Q.-H., Walter, D.E. and Proctor, H.C. 2003b. A review of the genus Ledermuelleriopsis Willmann (Acari: Prostigmata: Stigmaeidae). Invertebrate Systematics, 17: 551-574. doi: 10.1071/IS03009
  • Fan, Q.-H. and Zhang, Z.-Q. 2004. Revision of raphignathoid mites (Acari: Prostigmata) in the collection of H. Habeeb. Zootaxa, 763: 1-28. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.763.1.1
  • Fan, Q.-H. and Zhang, Z.-Q. 2005. Raphignathoidea (Acari: Prostigmata). Fauna of New Zealand, 52: 1-400.
  • Fontaine, M., Aerts, R., Ozkan, K., Mert, A., Gulsoy, S., Suel, H., Waelkens, M. and Muys, B. 2007. Elevation and exposition rather than soil types determine communities and site suitability in Mediterranean mountain forests of Southern Anatolia, Turkey. Forest Ecology and Management, 247: 18-25. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.04.021
  • Gergócs, V., Garamvölgyi, Á., Homoródi, R. and Hufnagel, L. 2011. Seasonal change of oribatid mite communities (Acari, Oribatida) in three different types of microhabitats. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 9 (2): 181-195. doi: 10.15666/aeer/0902_181195
  • Hammer, Ø., Harper, D.A.T. and Ryan, P.D. 2001. PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica, 4 (1): 1-9.
  • Işık, Y. 2012. Bir tutam Tunceli. T.C. Tunceli Valiliği, Anıt Matbaa, Ankara. [In Turkish]
  • Jeglum, J.K. and He, F. 1995. Pattern and vegetation-environment relationships in a boreal forested wetland in Northeasttern Ontorio. Canadian Journal of Botany, 73: 629-637. doi: 10.1139/b95-067
  • Khansari, A., Khorasani, N., Ramezani, M. and Esphandabad, B.S. 2016. Analysis of plant diversity of Iranian oak ecosystem using multivariate statistical methods (Case study: Javanrod City-Kermanshah City). Open Journal of Ecology, 6: 545-553. doi: 10.4236/oje.2016.69052
  • Koç, K. and Poyraz Tınartaş, E. 2017. Seasonal distributions of Raphignathoidea (Acari) in Gölmarmara (Manisa). Sinop University Journal of Natural Sciences, 2 (1): 93-106. [In Turkish]
  • Köksal, T. and Ulaşoğlu, İ.H. 2012. Tunceli Yıllığı. T.C. Tunceli Valiliği, Anıt Matbaa, Ankara. [In Turkish]
  • Kuznetsov, N.N. 1978. Revision of the genus Stigmaeus (Acariformes, Stigmaeidae). Zoologischeskii Zhurnal, 57: 682-694.
  • Lee, I.-Y., Yoon, S.-S. and Ree, H.-I. 1993. Seasonal distribution of chigger mites in the Kanghwa Island and Yongjong Island. Korean Journal of Parasitology, 31 (4): 341-346. doi: 10.3347/kjp.1993.31.4.341
  • Legendre, P. and Legendre, L. 1998. Numerical ecology. 2nd English ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 853 pp.
  • Luxton, M. 1973. Mites of the genus Cryptognathus from Australia, New Zealand and Niue Island. Acarologia, 15 (1): 53-75.
  • Makerenkov, V. and Legendre, P. 2002. Nonlinear redundancy analysis and canonical correspondence analysis based on polynomial regression. Ecology, 83: 1146-1161. doi:10.1890/00129658(2002)083[1146:NRAACC]2.0.CO;2
  • Manu, M., Băncilă, R.I. and Onete, M. 2018. Importance of moss habitats for mesostigmatid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) in Romania. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 42 (6): 673-683. doi: 10.3906/zoo-1712-6
  • Martin, J. and Bouchard, A. 1993. Riverine wedland vegetation: importance of small-scale and large-scale environmental variation. Journal of Vegetation Science, 4: 609-620. doi: 10.2307/3236126
  • Meyer, M.K.P. and Ueckermann, E.A. 1989. African Raphignathoidea. Entomology Memoir Department of Agriculture and Water Supply, Republic of South Africa, 74: 1-58.
  • Önen, Ö. and Koç, K. 2011. Seasonal and vertical distribution of Acarina fauna of grassland. Çankaya University Journal of Science and Engineering, 8 (2): 277-289.
  • Özkan, K., Şenol, H., Gülsoy, S., Mert, A., Suel, H. and Eser, Y. 2009. Vegetation-environment relationships in Mediterranean mountain forests on limeless bedrocks of southern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 17 (3): 154-163. doi: 10.3846/1648-6897.2009.17.154-163
  • Pinto, J.R.R., Olivera-Filho, A.T. and Hay, J.D.V. 2006. Influence of soil and topography on the composition of a tree community in a central Brazilian valley forest. Edinburg Journal of Botany, 62: 69-90. doi: 10.1017/S0960428606000035
  • Salmane, I. and Brumelis, G. 2010. Species list and habitat preference of Mesostigmata mites (Acari, Parasitiformes) in Latvia. Acarologia, 50 (3): 373-394. doi: 10.1051/acarologia/20101978
  • Somuncu, S. and Koç, K. 2012. Seasonal distribution of raphignathoid mites (Acari: Raphignathoidea) in Seferihisar (İzmir) county. Biyoloji Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 5 (2): 35-40.
  • Stamou, G.P. and Sgardelis, S.P. 1989. Seasonal Distribution Patterns of Oribatid Mites (Acari: Cryptostigmata) in a Forest Ecosystem. Journal of Animal Ecology, 58 (3): 893-904. doi: 10.3733/hilg.v33n10p491
  • Summers, F.M. 1962. The genus Stigmaeus (Acarina: Stigmaeidae). Hilgardia, 33: 491-537. doi: 10.3733/hilg.v33n10p491
  • Summers, F.M. and Schlinger, E.I. 1955. Mites of family Caligonellidae (Acarina). Hilgardia, 23: 539-561. doi: 10.3733/hilg.v23n12p539
  • Summers, F.M. and Chaudhri, W.M. 1965. New species of the genus Cryptognathus Kramer (Acarina: Cryptognathidae). Hilgardia, 36 (7): 313-326. doi: 10.3733/hilg.v36n07p313
  • Ter Braak, C.J.F. 1987. The analysis of vegetation environment relationships by canonical correspondence analysis. Vegetatio, 69: 69-77. doi: 10.1007/978-94-009-4061-1_7
  • Wehner, K., Heethoff, M. and Brückner, A. 2018. Seasonal fluctuation of oribatid mite communities in forest microhabitats. PeerJ, 6: e4863. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4863
  • Wehner, K., Norton, R.A., Blüthgen, N. and Heethoff, M. 2016. Specialization of oribatid mites to forest microhabitats-the enigmatic role of litter. Ecosphere, 7 (3): e01336. doi: 10.1002/ecs2.1336
  • Whittaker, R.H. 1962. Classification of natural communities. Botanical Review, 28: 1-239. doi: 10.1007/BF02860872
  • Wood, T.G. 1973. Revision of Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) in the Berlese Collection. Acarologia, 15: 76-95.

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 61 - 69, 28.07.2022

Mervenur Ceylan Salih Doğan Kürşad Özkan

https://doi.org/10.47121/acarolstud.1103592

Öz

Proje Numarası

118Z469

Kaynakça

  • Afshar, F.A. 1965. Geology of Tunceli - Bingöl region of Eastern Turkey. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi, 65: 33-44.
  • Akyol, M. and Koç, K. 2016. Investigation of numerical and seasonal distribution on taxa of superfamily Raphignathoidea (Acari: Prostigmata) in Afyonkarahisar. Ulusal Uygulamalı Biyolojik Bilimler Kongresi, 26-29 December, 2016, Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Biyoteknoloji Bölümü, Konya, Turkey, p. 58.
  • Armağan, M., 2020. The explorations on the flora of Tunceli (Turkey). Anatolian Journal of Botany, 4 (1): 11-56. doi: 10.30616/ajb.697171
  • Babacan, E.Y., Vitek, E. and Çakılcıoğlu, U. 2017. Contributions to the flora of Tunceli (Turkey). International Journal of Nature and Life Sciences, 1 (2): 39-66.
  • Barendse, J., Mercer, R.D., Marshall, D.J. and Chown, S.L. 2002. Habitat specificity of mites on Sub-Antarctic Marion Island. Environmental Entomology, 31 (4): 612-625. doi: 10.1603/0046-225X-31.4.612
  • Beron, P. 2020. Acarorum Catalogus VII. Trombidiformes, Prostigmata, Raphignathoidea. Fam. Barbutiidae, Caligonellidae, Camerobiidae, Cryptognathidae, Dasythyreidae, Dytiscacaridae, Eupalopsellidae, Homocaligidae, Mecognathidae, Raphignathidae, Stigmaeidae, Xenocaligonellididae. Pensoft & National Museum of Natural History & Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, 306 pp. doi: 10.3897/ab.e55087
  • Doğan, S. 2008. A catalogue of cryptognathid mites (Acari: Prostigmata, Cryptognathidae) with the descriptions of a new species of Favognathus Luxton and a newly discovered male of F. amygdalus Doğan & Ayyıldız from Turkey. Journal of Natural History, 42: 1665-1686. doi: 10.1080/00222930802109132
  • Doğan, S. 2019. Raphignathoidea (Acari: Trombidiformes) of Turkey: A review of progress on the systematics, with an updated checklist. Acarological Studies, 1 (2): 129-151.
  • Fan, Q.H. 2000. A phylogenetic analysis of the family Caligonellidae (Acari: Prostigmata) with descriptions of two new species. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 43 (4): 421-428.
  • Fan, Q.-H. 2004. A catalogue of the genus Eupalopsellus Sellnick (Acari: Prostigmata, Eupalopsellidae) with the description of a new species from China. Biologia, 59: 533-545.
  • Fan, Q.-H., Flechtmann, C.H.W. and De Moraes, D.J. 2016. Annotated catalogue of Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata), with a pictorial key to genera. Zootaxa, 4176: 1-199. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4176.1.1
  • Fan, Q.-H., Flechtmann, C.H.W. and De Moraes, D.J. 2019. Emendations and updates to “Annotated catalogue of Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata), with a pictorial key to genera”. Zootaxa, 4647 (1): 88-103. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4647.1.9
  • Fan, Q.-H., Walter, D.E. and Proctor, H.C. 2003a. A review of the family Barbutiidae (Acari: Raphignathoidea), with the description of two new species from Australia. Systematic and Applied Acarology, 8: 107-130. doi: 10.11158/saa.8.1.14
  • Fan, Q.-H., Walter, D.E. and Proctor, H.C. 2003b. A review of the genus Ledermuelleriopsis Willmann (Acari: Prostigmata: Stigmaeidae). Invertebrate Systematics, 17: 551-574. doi: 10.1071/IS03009
  • Fan, Q.-H. and Zhang, Z.-Q. 2004. Revision of raphignathoid mites (Acari: Prostigmata) in the collection of H. Habeeb. Zootaxa, 763: 1-28. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.763.1.1
  • Fan, Q.-H. and Zhang, Z.-Q. 2005. Raphignathoidea (Acari: Prostigmata). Fauna of New Zealand, 52: 1-400.
  • Fontaine, M., Aerts, R., Ozkan, K., Mert, A., Gulsoy, S., Suel, H., Waelkens, M. and Muys, B. 2007. Elevation and exposition rather than soil types determine communities and site suitability in Mediterranean mountain forests of Southern Anatolia, Turkey. Forest Ecology and Management, 247: 18-25. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.04.021
  • Gergócs, V., Garamvölgyi, Á., Homoródi, R. and Hufnagel, L. 2011. Seasonal change of oribatid mite communities (Acari, Oribatida) in three different types of microhabitats. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 9 (2): 181-195. doi: 10.15666/aeer/0902_181195
  • Hammer, Ø., Harper, D.A.T. and Ryan, P.D. 2001. PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica, 4 (1): 1-9.
  • Işık, Y. 2012. Bir tutam Tunceli. T.C. Tunceli Valiliği, Anıt Matbaa, Ankara. [In Turkish]
  • Jeglum, J.K. and He, F. 1995. Pattern and vegetation-environment relationships in a boreal forested wetland in Northeasttern Ontorio. Canadian Journal of Botany, 73: 629-637. doi: 10.1139/b95-067
  • Khansari, A., Khorasani, N., Ramezani, M. and Esphandabad, B.S. 2016. Analysis of plant diversity of Iranian oak ecosystem using multivariate statistical methods (Case study: Javanrod City-Kermanshah City). Open Journal of Ecology, 6: 545-553. doi: 10.4236/oje.2016.69052
  • Koç, K. and Poyraz Tınartaş, E. 2017. Seasonal distributions of Raphignathoidea (Acari) in Gölmarmara (Manisa). Sinop University Journal of Natural Sciences, 2 (1): 93-106. [In Turkish]
  • Köksal, T. and Ulaşoğlu, İ.H. 2012. Tunceli Yıllığı. T.C. Tunceli Valiliği, Anıt Matbaa, Ankara. [In Turkish]
  • Kuznetsov, N.N. 1978. Revision of the genus Stigmaeus (Acariformes, Stigmaeidae). Zoologischeskii Zhurnal, 57: 682-694.
  • Lee, I.-Y., Yoon, S.-S. and Ree, H.-I. 1993. Seasonal distribution of chigger mites in the Kanghwa Island and Yongjong Island. Korean Journal of Parasitology, 31 (4): 341-346. doi: 10.3347/kjp.1993.31.4.341
  • Legendre, P. and Legendre, L. 1998. Numerical ecology. 2nd English ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 853 pp.
  • Luxton, M. 1973. Mites of the genus Cryptognathus from Australia, New Zealand and Niue Island. Acarologia, 15 (1): 53-75.
  • Makerenkov, V. and Legendre, P. 2002. Nonlinear redundancy analysis and canonical correspondence analysis based on polynomial regression. Ecology, 83: 1146-1161. doi:10.1890/00129658(2002)083[1146:NRAACC]2.0.CO;2
  • Manu, M., Băncilă, R.I. and Onete, M. 2018. Importance of moss habitats for mesostigmatid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) in Romania. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 42 (6): 673-683. doi: 10.3906/zoo-1712-6
  • Martin, J. and Bouchard, A. 1993. Riverine wedland vegetation: importance of small-scale and large-scale environmental variation. Journal of Vegetation Science, 4: 609-620. doi: 10.2307/3236126
  • Meyer, M.K.P. and Ueckermann, E.A. 1989. African Raphignathoidea. Entomology Memoir Department of Agriculture and Water Supply, Republic of South Africa, 74: 1-58.
  • Önen, Ö. and Koç, K. 2011. Seasonal and vertical distribution of Acarina fauna of grassland. Çankaya University Journal of Science and Engineering, 8 (2): 277-289.
  • Özkan, K., Şenol, H., Gülsoy, S., Mert, A., Suel, H. and Eser, Y. 2009. Vegetation-environment relationships in Mediterranean mountain forests on limeless bedrocks of southern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 17 (3): 154-163. doi: 10.3846/1648-6897.2009.17.154-163
  • Pinto, J.R.R., Olivera-Filho, A.T. and Hay, J.D.V. 2006. Influence of soil and topography on the composition of a tree community in a central Brazilian valley forest. Edinburg Journal of Botany, 62: 69-90. doi: 10.1017/S0960428606000035
  • Salmane, I. and Brumelis, G. 2010. Species list and habitat preference of Mesostigmata mites (Acari, Parasitiformes) in Latvia. Acarologia, 50 (3): 373-394. doi: 10.1051/acarologia/20101978
  • Somuncu, S. and Koç, K. 2012. Seasonal distribution of raphignathoid mites (Acari: Raphignathoidea) in Seferihisar (İzmir) county. Biyoloji Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 5 (2): 35-40.
  • Stamou, G.P. and Sgardelis, S.P. 1989. Seasonal Distribution Patterns of Oribatid Mites (Acari: Cryptostigmata) in a Forest Ecosystem. Journal of Animal Ecology, 58 (3): 893-904. doi: 10.3733/hilg.v33n10p491
  • Summers, F.M. 1962. The genus Stigmaeus (Acarina: Stigmaeidae). Hilgardia, 33: 491-537. doi: 10.3733/hilg.v33n10p491
  • Summers, F.M. and Schlinger, E.I. 1955. Mites of family Caligonellidae (Acarina). Hilgardia, 23: 539-561. doi: 10.3733/hilg.v23n12p539
  • Summers, F.M. and Chaudhri, W.M. 1965. New species of the genus Cryptognathus Kramer (Acarina: Cryptognathidae). Hilgardia, 36 (7): 313-326. doi: 10.3733/hilg.v36n07p313
  • Ter Braak, C.J.F. 1987. The analysis of vegetation environment relationships by canonical correspondence analysis. Vegetatio, 69: 69-77. doi: 10.1007/978-94-009-4061-1_7
  • Wehner, K., Heethoff, M. and Brückner, A. 2018. Seasonal fluctuation of oribatid mite communities in forest microhabitats. PeerJ, 6: e4863. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4863
  • Wehner, K., Norton, R.A., Blüthgen, N. and Heethoff, M. 2016. Specialization of oribatid mites to forest microhabitats-the enigmatic role of litter. Ecosphere, 7 (3): e01336. doi: 10.1002/ecs2.1336
  • Whittaker, R.H. 1962. Classification of natural communities. Botanical Review, 28: 1-239. doi: 10.1007/BF02860872
  • Wood, T.G. 1973. Revision of Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) in the Berlese Collection. Acarologia, 15: 76-95.
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Mervenur Ceylan Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-2019-3335

Salih Doğan 0000-0001-5030-0544

Kürşad Özkan 0000-0002-8526-7243

Proje Numarası 118Z469
Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Temmuz 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ceylan, M., Doğan, S., & Özkan, K. (2022). Multivariate analysis of the effects of site factors on the distributions of raphignathoid mites (Acari: Raphignathoidea). Acarological Studies, 4(2), 61-69. https://doi.org/10.47121/acarolstud.1103592
AMA Ceylan M, Doğan S, Özkan K. Multivariate analysis of the effects of site factors on the distributions of raphignathoid mites (Acari: Raphignathoidea). Acarol. Stud. Temmuz 2022;4(2):61-69. doi:10.47121/acarolstud.1103592
Chicago Ceylan, Mervenur, Salih Doğan, ve Kürşad Özkan. “Multivariate Analysis of the Effects of Site Factors on the Distributions of Raphignathoid Mites (Acari: Raphignathoidea)”. Acarological Studies 4, sy. 2 (Temmuz 2022): 61-69. https://doi.org/10.47121/acarolstud.1103592.
EndNote Ceylan M, Doğan S, Özkan K (01 Temmuz 2022) Multivariate analysis of the effects of site factors on the distributions of raphignathoid mites (Acari: Raphignathoidea). Acarological Studies 4 2 61–69.
IEEE M. Ceylan, S. Doğan, ve K. Özkan, “Multivariate analysis of the effects of site factors on the distributions of raphignathoid mites (Acari: Raphignathoidea)”, Acarol. Stud., c. 4, sy. 2, ss. 61–69, 2022, doi: 10.47121/acarolstud.1103592.
ISNAD Ceylan, Mervenur vd. “Multivariate Analysis of the Effects of Site Factors on the Distributions of Raphignathoid Mites (Acari: Raphignathoidea)”. Acarological Studies 4/2 (Temmuz 2022), 61-69. https://doi.org/10.47121/acarolstud.1103592.
JAMA Ceylan M, Doğan S, Özkan K. Multivariate analysis of the effects of site factors on the distributions of raphignathoid mites (Acari: Raphignathoidea). Acarol. Stud. 2022;4:61–69.
MLA Ceylan, Mervenur vd. “Multivariate Analysis of the Effects of Site Factors on the Distributions of Raphignathoid Mites (Acari: Raphignathoidea)”. Acarological Studies, c. 4, sy. 2, 2022, ss. 61-69, doi:10.47121/acarolstud.1103592.
Vancouver Ceylan M, Doğan S, Özkan K. Multivariate analysis of the effects of site factors on the distributions of raphignathoid mites (Acari: Raphignathoidea). Acarol. Stud. 2022;4(2):61-9.
 Kapak Resmi İndir

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International Scientific Research Journal on Acarology